Code coverage tests

This page documents the degree to which the PARI/GP source code is tested by our public test suite, distributed with the source distribution in directory src/test/. This is measured by the gcov utility; we then process gcov output using the lcov frond-end.

We test a few variants depending on Configure flags on the pari.math.u-bordeaux.fr machine (x86_64 architecture), and agregate them in the final report:

The target is to exceed 90% coverage for all mathematical modules (given that branches depending on DEBUGLEVEL or DEBUGMEM are not covered). This script is run to produce the results below.

LCOV - code coverage report
Current view: top level - headers - pariinl.h (source / functions) Hit Total Coverage
Test: PARI/GP v2.18.1 lcov report (development 30634-7c77b4d1a9) Lines: 1420 1535 92.5 %
Date: 2026-01-26 09:23:16 Functions: 649 707 91.8 %
Legend: Lines: hit not hit

Function Name Sort by function name Hit count Sort by hit count
F2m_clear 0
F2xX_shift 0
F3m_copy 0
F3m_set 0
FlxqX_div 0
Flxq_add 0
Flxq_sub 0
FpV_FpC_mul 0
FpXQ_add 0
FpXQ_sub 0
FqXQ_add 0
FqXQ_div 0
FqXQ_inv 0
FqXQ_invsafe 0
FqXQ_pow 0
FqXQ_sqr 0
FqXQ_sub 0
FqX_divrem 0
FqX_halfgcd 0
FqX_integ 0
FqXn_exp 0
FqXn_sqr 0
R_abs 0
RgX_isscalar 0
bid_get_gen_nocheck 0
bid_get_no 0
cbrtr 0
cbrtr_abs 0
closure_get_code 0
gchar_get_U 0
gchar_get_hnf 0
gmaxsg 0
gminsg 0
inv_content 0
is_qfb_t 0
mkcol4s 0
mkerr 0
mkmat5 0
mkvec5s 0
mkvec6 0
pari_err_FILE 0
pari_err_MAXPRIME 0
pari_err_PACKAGE 0
polx_zx 0
random_Fq 0
truecoef 0
trunc_safe 0
vec_setconst 0
vecmodii 0
vecsmall_coincidence 0
zero_F2m 0
zero_zm 0
zero_zx 0
zm_copy 0
zm_row 0
zm_to_zxV 0
zx_shift 0
zx_to_zv 0
FqX_ddf 7
FqX_factor_squarefree 7
mkrfraccopy 14
pari_err_BUG 14
znstar_get_no 14
RgM_gtomp 21
mkvec4s 21
pari_err_CONSTPOL 21
vecsmall_indexmax 21
vecsmall_indexmin 21
pari_err_FILEDESC 36
F2v_ei 42
RgV_gtofp 56
pari_err_IRREDPOL 63
pari_err_ROOTS0 63
bnr_get_gen_nocheck 70
mkmat4 84
vecsmall_isin 84
vecsmall_pack 84
gal_get_e 91
pari_err_COPRIME 91
mkcol5 94
Z_ispower 98
pari_err_FLAG 98
pari_err_PRIME 98
rnf_get_index 105
ellnf_get_bnf 119
RgX_to_RgV 140
pari_err_OVERFLOW 156
mkvecs 168
FqX_to_mod 175
pari_err_COMPONENT 214
nbits2ndec 228
pari_err_PREC 238
pari_err_PRIORITY 245
zm_transpose 266
rowsplice 273
err_get_compo 294
pol_xnall 294
mkvec6s 301
ellQp_get_prec 308
mkcol3s 315
gchar_get_nfree 322
gchar_get_ntors 322
get_F2xqX_mod 343
rnf_get_disc 357
pari_err_VAR 371
polxn_Flx 371
sturm 385
pari_err_OP 406
pari_err_IMPL 539
vecsmall_lengthen 547
RgC_gtomp 574
rnf_get_varn 574
gchar_get_r2 623
gchar_set_HUUi 630
gchar_set_nalg 630
gchar_set_nfree 630
gchar_set_ntors 630
bnf_get_reg 648
pari_err_DIM 718
perm_sqr 728
Rg_to_Fq 756
F2m_set 798
gchar_set_m0 945
row_i 987
RgM_minor 1036
quad_disc 1085
ellQp_get_p 1134
gchar_copy_precs 1225
gchar_set_prec 1225
rnf_get_invzk 1225
rnf_get_k 1225
locs_get_Lgenfil 1288
locs_get_famod 1288
FqX_powu 1295
pari_err_MODULUS 1316
zero_F2x 1350
rnf_get_idealdisc 1386
rnf_get_alpha 1428
ellQp_get_zero 1463
powIs 1561
gchar_set_basis 1575
gchar_set_cyc 1575
gchar_get_sfu 1743
gchar_set_evalprec 1813
mkintmodu 1813
gchar_get_nm 1869
pari_realloc 1890
RgXQX_div 1904
mkpadic 2009
gchar_get_nalg 2044
gchar_set_nf 2110
gchar_set_u0 2121
vecsmall_min 2345
vecreverse_inplace 2605
rnf_get_ramified_primes 2849
pari_err_DOMAIN 2862
gchar_set_nfprec 2968
vecsmall_reverse 3052
vecsmall_to_vec_inplace 3304
gchar_get_m0 3318
pari_err_TYPE2 3493
get_FpXQX_degree 3589
matpascal 3983
gchar_get_evalprec 4011
gchar_get_modP 4095
FqX_normalize 4144
nf_get_r2 4154
gchar_get_u0 4252
nf_get_zk 4382
nf_get_diff 4445
F2v_copy 4487
FpXQX_div 4526
rnf_get_zk 4830
rnf_get_nfvarn 4886
idealchineseinit 5427
pari_stack_pushp 5851
gal_get_p 6006
FqX_get_red 6090
gval 6230
FqXn_expint 6590
gal_get_orders 6678
is_extscalar_t 6876
pari_err_SQRTN 7084
FqXn_inv 7126
rnf_get_nfzk 7245
FqX_roots 7273
submuliu 7700
bnr_get_gen 7847
get_FlxqX_mod 8033
identity_ZV 8113
gchar_get_mod 8225
locs_get_mod 8225
ndec2nbits 8270
FqX_gcd 8288
bnf_get_no 8372
vectrunc_append_batch 9667
prec2ndec 9778
cgetalloc 10166
gchar_get_Ui 10983
vec_shorten 11557
ZX_equal1 12850
R_abs_shallow 13097
gchar_get_nfprec 13468
closure_get_dbg 13635
zx_renormalize 14049
pari_err_TYPE 15370
gal_get_gen 15435
znstar_get_gen 16150
gchar_get_cyc 16177
mkmat3 17001
zeropadic_shallow 17024
gchar_get_r1 17444
Fp_muls 17780
gchar_get_prec 18795
vec_lengthen 18960
FqX_halve 19411
pari_err_INV 20018
FpXY_Fq_evaly 20587
rnf_get_nfdegree 21455
FqX_mulu 21942
nf_get_Tr 22083
gtomp 22428
RgM_fpnorml2 22662
FqXQ_mul 22766
ZV_dvd 23485
gal_get_mod 23758
FqX_neg 24956
FqX_red 25354
bnf_get_fu 25859
nfV_to_scalar_or_alg 26300
gal_get_den 27866
gal_get_invvdm 27873
absfrac_shallow 28237
gequalgs 29176
zerovec_block 29654
gener_Fq_local 29946
gal_get_roots 32731
gchar_get_basis 32816
F2xqX_div 33173
ndec2prec 33314
mkcolcopy 33545
Qtoss 35322
gal_get_pol 36315
gchar_get_S 36995
gchar_get_ns 36995
closure_get_text 37079
gchar_get_nc 37261
F2v_to_F2x 37655
FqX_rem 37743
FqX_div 38566
FqX_deriv 40061
mkcols 40411
bid_get_arch 41188
ndec2nlong 41584
znstar_get_Ui 46788
pari_calloc 47720
FqX_degfact 47786
bid_get_sarch 48594
vecmoduu 49784
gchar_get_loccyc 50519
get_FpXQX_var 51630
locs_get_cyc 52136
div_content 58503
RgX_fpnorml2 61496
err_get_num 62550
bid_get_gen 64274
nf_get_ramified_primes 64645
RgX_is_rational 68166
FqX_sub 68607
mkquad 69118
FqX_div_by_X_x 69699
quadnorm 69881
FqX_sqr 71855
bid_get_ideal 72842
Fq_to_FpXQ 73652
vecsmall_shorten 75637
bnr_get_mod 77119
gal_get_group 80387
mkcol3 88314
cyclic_perm 99911
gtou 100703
mkcol4 103467
zv_to_zx 104146
mkmoo 108791
zeromat 109069
RgV_isin 110144
RgV_isin_i 110144
mkvec2copy 114526
Q_abs_shallow 120223
mkmatcopy 122284
mkveccopy 122521
RgXQX_rem 127635
FqX_add 127694
rnf_get_map 135659
idealred 138433
zeroser 138908
RgV_is_QV 140730
FqX_factor 140946
get_FpXQX_mod 146583
FlxqX_div_pre 165411
znstar_get_U 176107
rowslicepermute 185052
vecsmall_prepend 186970
gchar_get_DLdata 190673
locs_get_Lsprk 193935
F2m_copy 200436
get_F2xqX_degree 200851
rowcopy 204988
gchar_get_bnf 205373
mkmat22s 207578
locs_get_m_infty 209475
mkvec2s 220249
mkcol6 232470
ellR_get_prec 232750
zero_Flm_copy 238230
gchar_get_nf 243946
Fp_halve 247271
affc_fixlg 249620
rnf_get_nfpol 255354
znstar_get_cyc 262088
FqXn_mul 263403
get_FlxqX_var 264420
bnr_get_no 277484
gchar_get_zm 281911
bnf_get_tuN 282993
bnf_get_fu_nocheck 289086
bnf_get_tuU 303577
nf_get_G 304880
vec_prepend 313994
get_FlxqX_degree 317565
rnf_get_polabs 327628
Flx_constant 333914
cxtoreal 337205
upr_norm 346136
RgX_renormalize 349807
abgrp_get_no 354944
ZM_hnfrem 363773
FqX_mul 367706
ellR_get_sign 371535
get_F2xqX_var 375375
vecsplice 384916
RgX_is_QX 399932
perm_conj 418299
FqX_Fq_mul 427292
FqX_extgcd 444666
Z_issquare 458710
nf_get_disc 463479
precdbl 475367
RgX_shift_inplace 479367
RgX_shift_inplace_init 479367
zv_to_ZV 502982
vecsmall_to_vec 511781
nf_get_sign 519549
mkvec3s 524441
gdivsg 531590
addmuliu 535808
FqX_Fp_mul 571443
prec2nbits_mul 581162
vecsmall_ei 584694
ZM_ZV_mod 596480
RgC_fpnorml2 619846
FqX_is_squarefree 683802
vecreverse 697277
mkrfrac 698438
coltrunc_init 740250
logint 754835
gcmpgs 761921
row 763869
rnf_get_nf 786086
ellff_get_a4a6 800031
zero_F2m_copy 845029
FpXX_renormalize 849917
zeropadic 855462
gmin_shallow 877620
affgr 898901
ZXQ_sqr 960348
cgetc 975458
Flx_lead 979011
polx_F2x 1073224
pr_norm 1090502
sstoQ 1097215
Fp_invsafe 1100352
Flx_mulu 1105460
vecsmall_max 1164036
mkfracss 1209563
RgV_isscalar 1210272
gen_I 1269717
RgX_is_monomial 1331268
mkoo 1331814
bnf_get_sunits 1367773
rnf_get_absdegree 1392746
bnr_get_nf 1399073
zero_Flx 1426815
constant_coeff 1441138
Rg_col_ei 1451003
inf_get_sign 1452870
vecsmall_concat 1464196
guncloneNULL_deep 1503330
nf_get_varn 1503758
bid_get_mod 1521921
F2m_flip 1553434
F2v_flip 1553434
F2x_flip 1553434
F2x_div 1557195
uutoQ 1600198
nf_get_roots 1628953
bnf_get_gen 1680315
vec_ei 1713818
mkvecsmall5 1717489
ulogint 1719607
gsubgs 1724810
nf_get_roundG 1748181
abgrp_get_gen 1765027
ellinf 1870028
modpr_get_p 1887625
get_F2x_degree 1929027
killblock 1954746
Flx_div 1997954
ellnf_get_nf 2027243
ellff_get_field 2036872
bnr_get_bid 2046088
ell_get_j 2126269
bid_get_MOD 2157243
bid_get_sprk 2157973
ZXQ_mul 2161086
zv_copy 2183794
bid_get_fact2 2201566
gc_slice 2204065
pol_xn 2249262
pari_realloc_ip 2348336
bid_get_archp 2397110
bid_get_fact 2498925
get_F2x_mod 2499357
rnf_get_degree 2506335
bnr_get_cyc 2522569
get_F2x_var 2534024
ell_get_b4 2550216
Flv_copy 2555049
mul_content 2657139
RgX_coeff 2669861
vecslicepermute 2690835
cyc_get_expo 2757544
hash_str 2760614
perm_inv 2781938
sqrtnr 2810226
zero_Flm 2829681
bnr_get_clgp 2830243
rnf_get_pol 2845192
znstar_get_pe 2869063
F2x_equal1 2874102
bnf_get_logfu 2874755
gisdouble 2996581
mkpolmod 3103727
Fq_red 3106216
bit_accuracy_mul 3175484
ZV_to_zv 3211408
identity_perm 3241686
F3m_coeff 3255866
identity_zv 3266035
znstar_get_conreygen 3290176
ell_get_b8 3297414
get_FpX_mod 3394364
vec_append 3465038
zero_F2v 3647599
bid_get_U 3680225
bnf_get_cyc 3686149
bnr_get_bnf 3710941
nf_get_index 3711380
pol_1 3755659
pol_x 3856940
ell_get_b6 3863115
mulsubii 3881418
pol1_F2x 3958050
vec_to_vecsmall 4036611
vecsmall_append 4099587
sqrfrac 4148050
vecsmall_copy 4403906
mkcol2s 4416244
F2x_equal 4607668
FpXQX_renormalize 4694123
mkmat 4750829
qfb_disc3 4995722
mkfraccopy 4999594
is_rational_t 5032564
bnf_get_clgp 5375010
nf_get_zkprimpart 5413920
nf_get_zkden 5459785
FpX_div 5581140
checkell_i 5593288
isintm1 5710153
bid_get_cyc 5739815
bid_get_grp 5804668
pari_stack_delete 5870528
col_ei 5924528
pari_stack_init 6353148
get_FpX_degree 6424452
Flm_copy 6433389
sqrti 6610141
get_FpX_var 6957594
RgX_div 7000642
vecsmall_lexcmp 7043246
ell_get_a2 7106188
ZM_lll 7117599
RgX_gtofp 7144630
znstar_get_faN 7331711
ell_get_b2 7371027
ZX_is_monic 7374288
zc_to_ZC 7824572
vecsmall_to_col 7838753
znstar_get_conreycyc 7979693
F2m_coeff 8036183
Q_abs 8062508
mkintmod 8092530
ZV_ZV_mod 8131449
RgM_gtofp 8257797
Flx_equal1 8329918
gc_INT_affii 8487384
ell_get_a4 8536729
Flm_row 8741428
ell_get_a3 8814053
ell_get_a1 8997086
cxtofp 9079378
veclast 9372725
ismpzero 9584524
is_intreal_t 9584627
const_col 9729668
RgM_dimensions 9741633
nf_get_invzk 9767328
bnf_get_nf 9865155
mkvec4 10093850
ser_isexactzero 10120284
ell_get_a6 10370967
mkcol 10639685
ZC_hnfrem 10697374
mul_denom 10707790
ell_get_c4 11017810
Fp_addmul 11231259
vectrunc_init 11767566
pr_get_gen 12071004
abgrp_get_cyc 12230796
F2x_clear 12352651
F2v_clear 12352653
ell_get_type 12498989
nbits2nlong 12755407
pol0_F2x 13199478
ell_get_c6 13474153
gmax_shallow 13510200
modpr_get_T 13867037
zeromatcopy 14249703
rowpermute 14705769
closure_get_frame 14717047
Fp_div 15035233
Fp_divu 15129785
mkvec5 15185639
vectrunc_append 15852126
pr_get_e 16162102
ell_get_disc 16815066
matslice 16819041
normalize_frac 17205544
pr_is_inert 17224068
isint1 17584751
Fp_center_i 17993281
cxcompotor 18210502
qfb_disc 18502510
mkvecsmall4 18658472
const_vecsmall 19705731
vecpermute 20548069
Fp_double 20827354
Flx_div_pre 21687505
nf_get_M 21745507
RgM_shallowcopy 22179135
RgX_is_ZX 22422958
gmulgs 22633908
Fp_inv 23440391
nf_get_r1 23465881
ZV_isscalar 23674787
get_Flx_mod 25595650
pr_get_f 26443053
RgX_equal_var 26883016
shallowcopy 27631286
mkqfb 27929512
zerovec 28453461
modpr_get_pr 31236498
Fp_neg 31481159
hash_str_len 31630482
submulii 31982591
RgV_is_ZV 32158274
mkmat2 33653766
RgC_gtofp 34032161
const_vec 34563349
zero_zv 36720452
polx_Flx 37485077
lincombii 38240528
znstar_get_N 38655073
mkfrac 41641826
zeropol 42354009
powii 43130345
is_vec_t 43952180
closure_is_variadic 45904367
absfrac 46638495
guncloneNULL 48020051
pr_get_tau 49768654
mkmat22 50281033
ell_is_inf 52351074
QV_isscalar 54416037
pol1_Flx 55056177
addmuliu_inplace 59648581
zero_Flv 59659915
F2x_copy 59784430
submuliu_inplace 60142942
gtodouble 60774938
is_real_t 62062467
qfb_is_qfi 62326717
Fp_sqr 63556767
get_Flx_var 68352550
Fp_mulu 70189709
mkvec 71205603
nf_get_degree 71369220
Fp_center 77149237
vecsmallpermute 78700996
rowslice 79319059
sqrtr 80369488
perm_mul 80896406
Fp_red 82189808
pol_0 82996565
get_Flx_degree 83607710
gtos 85855706
is_noncalc_t 85871459
cxnorm 91199754
mkcomplex 91611432
pr_get_p 92750649
dbllog2r 92812338
nf_get_pol 98106316
vecsmalltrunc_append 100771353
F2v_set 101401519
cgiv 102670366
RgX_copy 103406713
pol0_Flx 103437269
prec2nbits 103961197
mkvecsmall3 104177506
vecsmall_prefixcmp 108088071
gc_all 109637054
F2x_renormalize 114404012
mkvec3 122025493
zerocol 122333737
gaddgs 123248617
both_odd 123980330
F2x_set 124556500
nchar2nlong 127565627
mkvecsmall 131602401
equalim1 139505139
bit_prec 143254546
FpX_renormalize 144200688
ZX_renormalize 154976958
mkcol2 156866090
nbrows 157468658
leading_coeff 170259660
Flx_copy 173172189
Fp_add 181035708
mkvec2 184678686
nbits2prec 186133794
vecsmalltrunc_init 188622891
Fp_mul 200714170
Fp_sub 202427520
mkvecsmall2 234907266
gtofp 254336382
gc_GEN 255477885
gmulgu 282059385
lg_increase 313114247
closure_get_data 321571473
closure_get_oper 321591809
closure_codestr 321609363
is_universal_constant 326329768
lgcols 351599075
closure_arity 372027140
is_scalar_t 375656978
bin_copy 496061032
pari_free 509558699
is_bigint 563410671
leafcopy_avma 577090262
vecslice 656217668
is_matvec_t 659006833
F2v_coeff 661306165
F2x_coeff 667914656
pari_malloc 745484471
pari_stack_new 926458532
GENbinbase 961905574
pari_stack_alloc 1021755429
pari_stack_base 1027578681
gc_leaf 1141938464
equali1 1174343099
nbits2extraprec 1457899990
gc_upto 1954428456
odd 2088782458
is_pm1 2206552104
lgpol 2690028615
isintzero 2844201341
bit_accuracy 3156313724
gc_INT 4110593093
prec2lg 4467394155
is_const_t 4897373406
degpol 5507201376
remsBIL 7998037181
icopy_avma 8039755761
divsBIL 8088969248
isonstack 8277730885
is_recursive_t 9238102896

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