Code coverage tests

This page documents the degree to which the PARI/GP source code is tested by our public test suite, distributed with the source distribution in directory src/test/. This is measured by the gcov utility; we then process gcov output using the lcov frond-end.

We test a few variants depending on Configure flags on the pari.math.u-bordeaux.fr machine (x86_64 architecture), and agregate them in the final report:

The target is to exceed 90% coverage for all mathematical modules (given that branches depending on DEBUGLEVEL or DEBUGMEM are not covered). This script is run to produce the results below.

LCOV - code coverage report
Current view: top level - headers - pariinl.h (source / functions) Hit Total Coverage
Test: PARI/GP v2.18.1 lcov report (development 30764-6b81f1f3fa) Lines: 1421 1535 92.6 %
Date: 2026-03-25 09:26:52 Functions: 650 707 91.9 %
Legend: Lines: hit not hit

Function Name Sort by function name Hit count Sort by hit count
F2m_clear 0
F2xX_shift 0
F3m_copy 0
F3m_set 0
FlxqX_div 0
Flxq_add 0
Flxq_sub 0
FpV_FpC_mul 0
FpXQ_add 0
FpXQ_sub 0
FqXQ_add 0
FqXQ_div 0
FqXQ_inv 0
FqXQ_invsafe 0
FqXQ_pow 0
FqXQ_sqr 0
FqXQ_sub 0
FqX_divrem 0
FqX_halfgcd 0
FqX_integ 0
FqXn_exp 0
FqXn_sqr 0
R_abs 0
RgX_isscalar 0
bid_get_gen_nocheck 0
bid_get_no 0
cbrtr 0
cbrtr_abs 0
gchar_get_U 0
gchar_get_hnf 0
gmaxsg 0
gminsg 0
inv_content 0
is_qfb_t 0
mkcol4s 0
mkerr 0
mkmat5 0
mkvec5s 0
mkvec6 0
pari_err_FILE 0
pari_err_MAXPRIME 0
pari_err_PACKAGE 0
polx_zx 0
random_Fq 0
truecoef 0
trunc_safe 0
vec_setconst 0
vecmodii 0
vecsmall_coincidence 0
zero_F2m 0
zero_zm 0
zero_zx 0
zm_copy 0
zm_row 0
zm_to_zxV 0
zx_shift 0
zx_to_zv 0
FqX_ddf 7
FqX_factor_squarefree 7
mkrfraccopy 14
pari_err_BUG 14
znstar_get_no 14
RgM_gtomp 21
mkvec4s 21
pari_err_CONSTPOL 21
vecsmall_indexmax 21
vecsmall_indexmin 21
closure_get_code 28
pari_err_FILEDESC 36
F2v_ei 42
RgV_gtofp 56
pari_err_IRREDPOL 63
pari_err_ROOTS0 63
bnr_get_gen_nocheck 70
mkmat4 84
vecsmall_isin 84
vecsmall_pack 84
gal_get_e 91
pari_err_COPRIME 91
mkcol5 94
Z_ispower 98
pari_err_FLAG 98
pari_err_PRIME 98
rnf_get_index 105
ellnf_get_bnf 119
RgX_to_RgV 140
pari_err_OVERFLOW 156
mkvecs 168
FqX_to_mod 175
pari_err_COMPONENT 214
nbits2ndec 228
pari_err_PREC 238
pari_err_PRIORITY 245
zm_transpose 266
rowsplice 273
err_get_compo 294
pol_xnall 294
mkvec6s 301
ellQp_get_prec 308
mkcol3s 315
gchar_get_nfree 322
gchar_get_ntors 322
get_F2xqX_mod 343
rnf_get_disc 357
pari_err_VAR 371
polxn_Flx 371
sturm 385
pari_err_OP 406
pari_err_IMPL 539
vecsmall_lengthen 547
RgC_gtomp 574
rnf_get_varn 574
gchar_get_r2 623
gchar_set_HUUi 630
gchar_set_nalg 630
gchar_set_nfree 630
gchar_set_ntors 630
bnf_get_reg 648
pari_err_DIM 718
perm_sqr 728
Rg_to_Fq 756
F2m_set 798
gchar_set_m0 945
row_i 987
RgM_minor 1036
quad_disc 1085
ellQp_get_p 1134
zero_F2x 1181
gchar_copy_precs 1225
gchar_set_prec 1225
rnf_get_invzk 1225
rnf_get_k 1225
locs_get_Lgenfil 1288
locs_get_famod 1288
FqX_powu 1295
pari_err_MODULUS 1316
rnf_get_idealdisc 1386
rnf_get_alpha 1428
ellQp_get_zero 1463
gchar_set_basis 1575
gchar_set_cyc 1575
gchar_get_sfu 1743
gchar_set_evalprec 1813
mkintmodu 1834
gchar_get_nm 1869
pari_realloc 1880
RgXQX_div 1904
mkpadic 2009
gchar_get_nalg 2044
gchar_set_nf 2110
gchar_set_u0 2121
vecreverse_inplace 2605
rnf_get_ramified_primes 2849
pari_err_DOMAIN 2876
gchar_set_nfprec 2968
vecsmall_reverse 3052
vecsmall_to_vec_inplace 3304
gchar_get_m0 3318
pari_err_TYPE2 3493
get_FpXQX_degree 3589
vecsmall_min 3710
gchar_get_evalprec 4011
gchar_get_modP 4095
FqX_normalize 4144
nf_get_r2 4154
gchar_get_u0 4252
nf_get_zk 4382
nf_get_diff 4445
F2v_copy 4487
FpXQX_div 4526
matpascal 4683
rnf_get_zk 4830
rnf_get_nfvarn 4886
idealchineseinit 5427
pari_stack_pushp 5821
FqX_get_red 6090
gal_get_p 6118
gval 6230
FqXn_expint 6590
gal_get_orders 6706
is_extscalar_t 6876
pari_err_SQRTN 7084
FqXn_inv 7126
rnf_get_nfzk 7245
FqX_roots 7273
submuliu 7700
bnr_get_gen 7847
get_FlxqX_mod 8033
identity_ZV 8120
gchar_get_mod 8225
locs_get_mod 8225
ndec2nbits 8270
FqX_gcd 8288
bnf_get_no 8372
vectrunc_append_batch 9667
prec2ndec 9778
cgetalloc 10136
ZX_equal1 10488
gchar_get_Ui 10983
vec_shorten 11557
R_abs_shallow 13097
gchar_get_nfprec 13468
closure_get_dbg 13660
zx_renormalize 14049
pari_err_TYPE 15370
gal_get_gen 15491
znstar_get_gen 16150
gchar_get_cyc 16177
mkmat3 17001
zeropadic_shallow 17150
gchar_get_r1 17444
Fp_muls 17780
gchar_get_prec 18795
vec_lengthen 18960
FqX_halve 19411
pari_err_INV 20025
FpXY_Fq_evaly 20587
rnf_get_nfdegree 21455
FqX_mulu 21942
gtomp 22428
RgM_fpnorml2 22655
FqXQ_mul 22766
nf_get_Tr 23281
ZV_dvd 23485
gal_get_mod 23870
FqX_neg 24956
FqX_red 25354
bnf_get_fu 25857
nfV_to_scalar_or_alg 26300
gal_get_den 27867
gal_get_invvdm 27874
absfrac_shallow 28237
gequalgs 29176
zerovec_block 29654
gener_Fq_local 29946
gchar_get_basis 32816
gal_get_roots 32844
F2xqX_div 33173
ndec2prec 33314
mkcolcopy 33586
Qtoss 35364
gal_get_pol 36428
gchar_get_S 36995
gchar_get_ns 36995
closure_get_text 37150
gchar_get_nc 37261
FqX_rem 37743
F2v_to_F2x 38120
FqX_div 38567
FqX_deriv 40061
mkcols 40411
bid_get_arch 41188
ndec2nlong 41584
znstar_get_Ui 46788
pari_calloc 47756
FqX_degfact 47786
bid_get_sarch 48594
vecmoduu 49784
gchar_get_loccyc 50519
get_FpXQX_var 51630
locs_get_cyc 52136
div_content 58513
RgX_fpnorml2 61607
err_get_num 62596
bid_get_gen 64274
nf_get_ramified_primes 64645
RgX_is_rational 68159
FqX_sub 68607
mkquad 69118
FqX_div_by_X_x 69699
quadnorm 69881
FqX_sqr 71855
bid_get_ideal 72842
Fq_to_FpXQ 73652
vecsmall_shorten 75753
bnr_get_mod 77119
gal_get_group 80416
mkcol3 88314
cyclic_perm 99932
gtou 100691
mkcol4 103467
zv_to_zx 104146
mkmoo 108905
zeromat 109005
RgV_isin 110158
RgV_isin_i 110158
mkvec2copy 114536
Q_abs_shallow 120232
mkmatcopy 122300
mkveccopy 122528
RgXQX_rem 127635
FqX_add 127694
rnf_get_map 135659
idealred 138823
zeroser 138992
FqX_factor 140960
RgV_is_QV 142002
get_FpXQX_mod 146583
FlxqX_div_pre 165414
znstar_get_U 176107
vecsmall_prepend 186977
gchar_get_DLdata 190673
locs_get_Lsprk 193935
F2m_copy 200670
get_F2xqX_degree 200851
rowcopy 204988
gchar_get_bnf 205373
mkmat22s 207578
locs_get_m_infty 209475
mkvec2s 220726
mkcol6 232470
ellR_get_prec 232750
rowslicepermute 234969
zero_Flm_copy 238314
gchar_get_nf 243946
Fp_halve 247271
affc_fixlg 249621
rnf_get_nfpol 255354
znstar_get_cyc 262088
FqXn_mul 263403
get_FlxqX_var 264435
bnr_get_no 277486
gchar_get_zm 281911
bnf_get_tuN 283001
bnf_get_fu_nocheck 289082
bnf_get_tuU 303582
nf_get_G 304863
vec_prepend 313933
get_FlxqX_degree 317580
rnf_get_polabs 327628
cxtoreal 337206
upr_norm 346136
RgX_renormalize 349807
FqX_mul 367935
ellR_get_sign 371535
get_F2xqX_var 375375
vecsplice 385009
RgX_is_QX 399944
ZM_hnfrem 401357
abgrp_get_no 406729
perm_conj 418299
FqX_Fq_mul 427295
FqX_extgcd 445023
nf_get_disc 463518
precdbl 476371
RgX_shift_inplace 479435
RgX_shift_inplace_init 479435
Z_issquare 509454
nf_get_sign 519598
mkvec3s 524441
addmuliu 541563
gdivsg 559710
zv_to_ZV 569244
FqX_Fp_mul 572199
vecsmall_to_vec 578043
prec2nbits_mul 581095
vecsmall_ei 585125
powIs 596435
ZM_ZV_mod 610773
RgC_fpnorml2 619948
FqX_is_squarefree 683802
vecreverse 697305
mkrfrac 698439
coltrunc_init 740257
logint 755008
gcmpgs 761917
row 763895
rnf_get_nf 786086
ellff_get_a4a6 800511
zero_F2m_copy 845290
FpXX_renormalize 849322
zeropadic 857738
gmin_shallow 898201
affgr 899594
ZXQ_sqr 960527
cgetc 975458
Flx_lead 1069043
polx_F2x 1078635
pr_norm 1090574
Flx_constant 1091743
Fp_invsafe 1097246
sstoQ 1097313
Flx_mulu 1105477
vecsmall_max 1177388
ellinf 1208476
mkfracss 1209563
RgV_isscalar 1210273
gen_I 1268873
RgX_is_monomial 1320001
mkoo 1332077
bnf_get_sunits 1367774
rnf_get_absdegree 1392746
bnr_get_nf 1399078
zero_Flx 1427205
constant_coeff 1441251
Rg_col_ei 1451079
inf_get_sign 1453229
vecsmall_concat 1464652
nf_get_varn 1503771
guncloneNULL_deep 1512058
bid_get_mod 1521920
F2m_flip 1554198
F2v_flip 1554198
F2x_flip 1554198
F2x_div 1570729
uutoQ 1602144
nf_get_roots 1628921
bnf_get_gen 1680325
vec_ei 1714720
mkvecsmall5 1718718
gsubgs 1731950
nf_get_roundG 1748552
abgrp_get_gen 1765037
modpr_get_p 1887627
get_F2x_degree 1928512
killblock 1959421
Flx_div 1999844
ellnf_get_nf 2027259
ellff_get_field 2038547
bnr_get_bid 2046100
ulogint 2079741
ell_get_j 2126269
bid_get_MOD 2157251
bid_get_sprk 2157971
ZXQ_mul 2166149
zv_copy 2184146
bid_get_fact2 2201575
gc_slice 2211053
pol_xn 2252829
pari_realloc_ip 2358167
bid_get_archp 2397146
get_F2x_mod 2490738
bid_get_fact 2498940
rnf_get_degree 2506335
bnr_get_cyc 2522581
get_F2x_var 2536780
ell_get_b4 2550293
Flv_copy 2555410
mul_content 2657625
cyc_get_expo 2757566
hash_str 2757660
sqrtnr 2810810
bnr_get_clgp 2830255
zero_Flm 2831171
rnf_get_pol 2845192
vecslicepermute 2860424
znstar_get_pe 2869063
F2x_equal1 2873818
bnf_get_logfu 2874775
RgX_coeff 2889731
gisdouble 2996623
mkpolmod 3075552
Fq_red 3106686
bit_accuracy_mul 3175715
ZV_to_zv 3211716
identity_perm 3243522
F3m_coeff 3255606
identity_zv 3267885
znstar_get_conreygen 3290526
ell_get_b8 3297414
get_FpX_mod 3387859
vec_append 3469014
zero_F2v 3656687
bid_get_U 3680226
bnf_get_cyc 3686613
bnr_get_bnf 3710953
nf_get_index 3712052
perm_inv 3747564
pol_1 3752494
pol_x 3860461
ell_get_b6 3863192
mulsubii 3894696
pol1_F2x 3951327
vec_to_vecsmall 4039448
vecsmall_append 4114721
sqrfrac 4150972
mkcol2s 4416244
F2x_equal 4660957
FpXQX_renormalize 4692930
mkmat 4780010
qfb_disc3 4995390
mkfraccopy 4999690
is_rational_t 5017774
vecsmall_copy 5369907
bnf_get_clgp 5375480
nf_get_zkprimpart 5416395
nf_get_zkden 5462198
FpX_div 5582082
checkell_i 5593788
bid_get_cyc 5739855
bid_get_grp 5804704
pari_stack_delete 5890211
col_ei 5925323
isintm1 6086557
pari_stack_init 6375535
Flm_copy 6434677
sqrti 6612882
get_FpX_var 6954311
get_FpX_degree 6969404
RgX_div 6997065
vecsmall_lexcmp 7043231
ell_get_a2 7106320
ZM_lll 7118163
RgX_gtofp 7164057
ZX_is_monic 7319848
znstar_get_faN 7334819
ell_get_b2 7371375
zc_to_ZC 7911402
vecsmall_to_col 7925950
znstar_get_conreycyc 7982108
Q_abs 8061038
mkintmod 8065568
ZV_ZV_mod 8147315
Flx_equal1 8195701
RgM_gtofp 8258359
F2m_coeff 8363040
ell_get_a4 8536861
Flm_row 8743413
ell_get_a3 8814533
ell_get_a1 8997564
cxtofp 9093247
veclast 9374213
ismpzero 9702752
is_intreal_t 9702852
const_col 9730096
nf_get_invzk 9774960
bnf_get_nf 9866349
RgM_dimensions 9954676
mkvec4 10150204
ell_get_a6 10371099
mkcol 10653533
ZC_hnfrem 10697645
mul_denom 10709840
ell_get_c4 11019192
Fp_addmul 11206218
ser_isexactzero 11434254
gc_INT_affii 11587451
vectrunc_init 11766847
pr_get_gen 12073000
abgrp_get_cyc 12231252
F2v_clear 12361868
F2x_clear 12361875
ell_get_type 12500082
nbits2nlong 12720815
zeropol 12867480
pol0_F2x 13228450
ell_get_c6 13474926
gmax_shallow 13510227
modpr_get_T 13867132
zeromatcopy 14378988
closure_get_frame 14734956
rowpermute 14759791
Fp_div 15033803
Fp_divu 15128280
mkvec5 15187756
vectrunc_append 15860590
pr_get_e 16167516
ell_get_disc 16816666
matslice 16826456
pr_is_inert 17224247
normalize_frac 17311548
isint1 17987194
Fp_center_i 18047106
cxcompotor 18238397
qfb_disc 18502571
mkvecsmall4 18689861
const_vecsmall 18861457
Fp_double 20766048
vecpermute 21114664
Flx_div_pre 21710481
nf_get_M 21745774
RgM_shallowcopy 22236189
RgX_is_ZX 22315871
Fp_inv 23436252
nf_get_r1 23466256
ZV_isscalar 23675259
gmulgs 23894091
get_Flx_mod 25503326
pol_0 26065134
pr_get_f 26444937
RgX_equal_var 26880193
shallowcopy 27898546
mkqfb 27928947
zerovec 29348272
modpr_get_pr 31236638
Fp_neg 31476728
hash_str_len 31655400
submulii 31985063
RgV_is_ZV 32095987
mkmat2 33666556
RgC_gtofp 34038376
const_vec 34679548
zero_zv 37316609
polx_Flx 37499514
lincombii 38280055
znstar_get_N 38658713
mkfrac 41928582
powii 43130184
is_vec_t 43947629
closure_is_variadic 45931022
absfrac 46991367
ell_is_inf 49414338
pr_get_tau 49773999
guncloneNULL 49833141
mkmat22 50262159
QV_isscalar 54421354
pol1_Flx 54916523
addmuliu_inplace 59566289
zero_Flv 59758472
F2x_copy 59758677
submuliu_inplace 60072486
is_real_t 61899891
Fp_sqr 64189012
qfb_is_qfi 64545271
gtodouble 66248977
Fp_mulu 68359777
get_Flx_var 68389399
mkvec 69679522
nf_get_degree 71378576
Fp_center 77399094
vecsmallpermute 78761211
rowslice 79466442
perm_mul 80957373
get_Flx_degree 82103116
Fp_red 82931508
gtos 85865468
sqrtr 86936067
is_noncalc_t 88499751
mkcomplex 92005963
pr_get_p 92761434
cxnorm 94094674
dbllog2r 94331686
nf_get_pol 98123942
vecsmalltrunc_append 100869317
RgX_copy 102485547
gc_all 102552523
pol0_Flx 103190694
mkvecsmall3 103269723
F2v_set 104115753
cgiv 105495969
prec2nbits 106955168
vecsmall_prefixcmp 108088071
F2x_renormalize 112530027
mkvec3 119500448
gaddgs 123270533
both_odd 124151061
zerocol 125168744
F2x_set 125987268
nchar2nlong 127927649
mkvecsmall 131829838
equalim1 139568013
bit_prec 143411518
FpX_renormalize 145857952
ZX_renormalize 155208242
mkcol2 156996853
nbrows 158282135
leading_coeff 169337260
Flx_copy 173828794
Fp_add 180997167
nbits2prec 189014215
Fp_mul 200994598
Fp_sub 202683491
mkvec2 213246008
vecsmalltrunc_init 243972106
gc_GEN 247008351
mkvecsmall2 256221273
gtofp 257222863
gmulgu 283360013
closure_get_data 305786837
closure_get_oper 305809212
closure_codestr 305830085
is_universal_constant 326501011
lgcols 352712176
closure_arity 356264698
is_scalar_t 403469253
lg_increase 444921216
bin_copy 473140345
pari_free 487507012
is_bigint 574412465
leafcopy_avma 595083738
vecslice 657366712
F2v_coeff 664442099
F2x_coeff 670988545
pari_malloc 723615351
is_matvec_t 742672930
pari_stack_new 910878030
GENbinbase 919518960
pari_stack_alloc 1006179315
pari_stack_base 1012034028
gc_leaf 1142403857
equali1 1169411887
nbits2extraprec 1498350231
gc_upto 1956946853
odd 2125400319
is_pm1 2216257544
lgpol 2591008483
isintzero 2849304269
bit_accuracy 3131934197
gc_INT 4135335716
prec2lg 4565910417
is_const_t 5006891120
degpol 5514427525
icopy_avma 8051303327
remsBIL 8144371139
divsBIL 8235551698
isonstack 8324938792
is_recursive_t 9103595112

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