Code coverage tests

This page documents the degree to which the PARI/GP source code is tested by our public test suite, distributed with the source distribution in directory src/test/. This is measured by the gcov utility; we then process gcov output using the lcov frond-end.

We test a few variants depending on Configure flags on the pari.math.u-bordeaux.fr machine (x86_64 architecture), and agregate them in the final report:

The target is to exceed 90% coverage for all mathematical modules (given that branches depending on DEBUGLEVEL or DEBUGMEM are not covered). This script is run to produce the results below.

LCOV - code coverage report
Current view: top level - basemath - arith1.c (source / functions) Hit Total Coverage
Test: PARI/GP v2.18.1 lcov report (development 30772-246cd0a587) Lines: 2080 2301 90.4 %
Date: 2026-03-28 09:27:57 Functions: 218 233 93.6 %
Legend: Lines: hit not hit

Function Name Sort by function name Hit count Sort by hit count
ECP_psi 837
Fl_2gener_pre 188805
Fl_2gener_pre_i 65848
Fl_2powu 4989586
Fl_2powu_pre 12897500
Fl_lgener_pre_all 146950
Fl_log 132362
Fl_log_Fp 0
Fl_log_naive 132362
Fl_log_naive_pre 28903
Fl_log_pre 29301
Fl_order 546589
Fl_powers 296050
Fl_powers_pre 13052917
Fl_powu 144785855
Fl_powu_pre 166305642
Fl_sqrt 14773277
Fl_sqrt_i 14895152
Fl_sqrt_pre 23369652
Fl_sqrt_pre_i 38339427
Fl_sqrtl 0
Fl_sqrtl_pre 229942
Fl_sqrtl_raw 232902
Fl_sqrtn 233411
Fl_sqrtn_pre 233411
FpV_prod 497
Fp_2gener 3222
Fp_2gener_all 5909
Fp_2gener_i 19392
Fp_easylog 8819483
Fp_factored_order 70
Fp_gausssum 351
Fp_invgen 6097571
Fp_invmBarrett 14032
Fp_log 4259525
Fp_log_find_ind 126
Fp_log_find_rel 126
Fp_log_halfgcd 56646
Fp_log_index 63
Fp_log_sieve 63
Fp_log_sieve_worker 30253
Fp_log_use_index 5039813
Fp_order 136405
Fp_pow 37753815
Fp_pow_init 105
Fp_pow_table 43694
Fp_powers 5931
Fp_pows 1346261
Fp_powu 1900593
Fp_rem_mBarrett 8294973
Fp_rootsof1 820
Fp_select_red 903490
Fp_sqrt 4844731
Fp_sqrt_i 4898420
Fp_sqrt_ii 75178
Fp_sqrtn 173541
Fp_sqrts 18949
Qsfcont 3137414
ZMV_producttree 0
ZM_nv_mod_tree 215661
ZM_nv_mod_tree_t 221118
ZT_sqr 13618751
ZVV_nv_mod_tree 5457
ZV_allpnqn 894831
ZV_chinese 5141
ZV_chinese_center 156947
ZV_chinese_tree 40918835
ZV_chinesetree 2632994
ZV_invdivexact 2632993
ZV_nv_mod_tree 1236327
ZV_producttree 2636845
ZV_sqr 2632996
ZXC_nv_mod_tree 5634
ZXM_nv_mod_tree 491
ZXX_nv_mod_tree 254563
ZX_nv_mod_tree 3103253
Z_ZV_mod 0
Z_ZV_mod_tree 58204875
Z_chinese 2142
Z_chinese_all 268098
Z_chinese_coprime 546095
Z_chinese_post 3071744
Z_chinese_pre 271820
Z_factor_listP 350651
Z_nv_mod 0
Zp_order 70
_Fp_add 1175565
_Fp_equal0 260724
_Fp_inv 34307
_Fp_mul 14228031
_Fp_neg 1086846
_Fp_one 47162
_Fp_pow 28603399
_Fp_rand 160
_Fp_red 889913
_Fp_rmul 575346
_Fp_s 19075
_Fp_sqr 8134253
_computeG 837
_gc_upto 112
_mul2_montred 9364106
_mul2_remii 3569522
_mul2_remiibar 1797049
_mul_montred 6701568
_mul_remii 1486526
_mul_remiibar 717266
_psi 1714
_sqr_montred 63164807
_sqr_remii 23574401
_sqr_remiibar 7577707
addifsmooth1 2163
addifsmooth2 83825
bestappr 106307
bestapprPade 119
bestapprPade0 126
bestappr_Q 2281686
bestappr_RgX 119
bestappr_frac 7
bestappr_real 1261644
bestappr_ser 98
check_kernel 63
checkp 2687268
chinese 5495
chinese1 2415
chinese1_coprime_Z 2460708
chinese1_coprime_Z_aux 2253538
compute_nbgen 63
contfrac0 49
contfracpnqn 266
err_oo 56
err_p 161
err_prec 196
factorial_Fl 57088
factorial_Fp 186
fibo 7
gboundcf 3142391
gc_chinese 980173
gc_empty 42
gcf 126
gcf2 0
gen_chinese 2463123
gener_Zp 259
get_Fp_field 6963
get_PHI 98
gome 5922072
hilbert 62314
hilbertii 140826
icopy_lg 3137064
init_montdata 694468
intmod2polmod 21
is_gener_Fl 1662494
is_gener_Fp 13959
is_gener_expo 4909
istotient 70000
istotient_i 621565
krois 40089
kroiu 37728028
kronecker 12777707
krosi 159682
kross 100423579
kroui 35686
krouodd 195368
krouu 103474391
krouu_s 246422363
lcmii 54656845
lift_intmod 420
lift_padic 210
lucas 56
mod_to_frac 42
mod_to_rfrac 112
mpfact 500317
mphilbertoo 7329
mpprimorial 105
muls_interval 595
mulu_interval 159080
mulu_interval_step 92784
ncV_chinese_center 10333
ncV_chinese_center_tree 5457
ncV_polint_center_tree 1514864
nmV_chinese_center 378497
nmV_chinese_center_tree 0
nmV_chinese_center_tree_seq 120574
nmV_polint_center_tree 378497
nmV_polint_center_tree_seq 120573
nmV_polint_center_tree_worker 974546
nonsquare1_Fl 13103845
nonsquare_Fl 7935
nonsquare_Fp 1458
nxCV_chinese_center 0
nxCV_chinese_center_tree 0
nxCV_polint_center_tree 6585
nxMV_chinese_center 104
nxMV_chinese_center_tree_seq 491
nxMV_polint_center_tree 104
nxMV_polint_center_tree_seq 491
nxMV_polint_center_tree_worker 1225
nxV_chinese_center 429151
nxV_chinese_center_tree 303856
nxV_polint_center_tree 875463
odd_prime_divisors 1812
ome 348312699
opt_param 63
padic2mod 21
pgener_Fl 575204
pgener_Fl_local 1081273
pgener_Fp 44282
pgener_Fp_local 412324
pgener_Zl 205829
pgener_Zp 171073
pnqn 0
polint_chinese 378601
remove2 1812
rootsof1_Fl 215521
rootsof1_Fp 0
rootsof1u_Fp 3033
rt 169813
serPade 49
sersfcont 0
sfcont2 14
sqrt_Cipolla 0
sqrt_Cipolla_msqr 0
sqrt_Cipolla_sqr 0
to_ZX 1889681
tr 59731
u_chinese_coprime 1640070
u_chinese_post 1640075
u_is_gener_expo 545001
u_odd_prime_divisors 463959
u_remove2 463959
znlog 238
znlog_rec 126
znorder 63
znprimroot 329

Generated by: LCOV version 1.16