Code coverage tests

This page documents the degree to which the PARI/GP source code is tested by our public test suite, distributed with the source distribution in directory src/test/. This is measured by the gcov utility; we then process gcov output using the lcov frond-end.

We test a few variants depending on Configure flags on the pari.math.u-bordeaux.fr machine (x86_64 architecture), and agregate them in the final report:

The target is to exceed 90% coverage for all mathematical modules (given that branches depending on DEBUGLEVEL or DEBUGMEM are not covered). This script is run to produce the results below.

LCOV - code coverage report
Current view: top level - basemath - Flx.c (source / functions) Hit Total Coverage
Test: PARI/GP v2.18.1 lcov report (development 30786-ffec283a2b) Lines: 2553 2925 87.3 %
Date: 2026-04-07 09:25:56 Functions: 304 363 83.7 %
Legend: Lines: hit not hit

Function Name Sort by function name Hit count Sort by hit count
Fl2_equal1 449957
Fl2_inv_pre 197431
Fl2_mul_pre 17093535
Fl2_norm_pre 97118608
Fl2_pow_pre 671888
Fl2_sqr_pre 4911761
Fl2_sqrt_pre 65848
Fl2_sqrtn_pre 76140
Fl_Flxq_log 35576
Fl_Xp1_powu 0
Fl_to_Flx 21927371
Flm_to_FlxV 2772
FlvV_polint_tree 2587794
Flv_Flm_polint 104561
Flv_inv 1744770
Flv_invVandermonde 153445
Flv_inv_i 1756776
Flv_inv_indir 52214
Flv_inv_inplace 12017
Flv_inv_pre 9644
Flv_inv_pre_indir 21051215
Flv_inv_pre_inplace 19322003
Flv_polint 1485485
Flv_prod 0
Flv_prod_pre 3719
Flv_producttree 1745979
Flv_roots_to_pol 842101
Flv_to_Flx 25490204
FlxC_Fl_translate 0
FlxC_FlxqV_eval 0
FlxC_FlxqV_eval_pre 0
FlxC_Flxq_eval 0
FlxC_Flxq_eval_pre 0
FlxC_eval_powers_pre 325157
FlxC_neg 0
FlxC_sub 0
FlxC_to_ZXC 104060
FlxM_Fl_translate 0
FlxM_Flx_add_shallow 0
FlxM_Flx_mul2 26000
FlxM_eval_powers_pre 22302
FlxM_max_degree 0
FlxM_max_degree_i 0
FlxM_mul 0
FlxM_mul2 7099
FlxM_mul_Kronecker_i 81591
FlxM_neg 0
FlxM_pack_ZM 46835
FlxM_pack_ZM_bits 116259
FlxM_sub 0
FlxM_to_FlxXV 0
FlxM_to_ZXM 2485
FlxT_red 294641
FlxV_Flc_mul 34482
FlxV_Flv_multieval 2471
FlxV_Flv_multieval_tree 2471
FlxV_Flx_fromdigits 0
FlxV_composedsum 28983
FlxV_factorback 0
FlxV_max_degree_i 0
FlxV_prod 0
FlxV_red 0
FlxV_to_Flm 171861
FlxV_to_Flm_lg 12971448
FlxV_to_FlxX 397987
FlxV_to_ZXV 609496
FlxV_to_ZXV_inplace 3032498
Flx_Fl2_eval_pre 5214706
Flx_Fl_add 9846370
Flx_Fl_mul 9422657
Flx_Fl_mul_pre 20196084
Flx_Fl_mul_to_monic 11860825
Flx_Fl_sub 151688
Flx_Fl_translate 0
Flx_Flv_multieval 0
Flx_Flv_multieval_tree 1786280
Flx_FlxM_qmul 6927
Flx_FlxqV_eval 5082
Flx_FlxqV_eval_pre 13169857
Flx_Flxq_eval 791459
Flx_Flxq_eval_pre 2444855
Flx_Frobenius 86618
Flx_Frobenius_pre 13816511
Flx_Laplace 27478
Flx_Newton 54373
Flx_add 73801200
Flx_addmulmul 358982
Flx_addshift 3768149
Flx_addspec 7337710
Flx_blocks 527378
Flx_blocks_Flm 12970160
Flx_composedprod 0
Flx_composedsum 27685
Flx_convol 0
Flx_deflate 421312
Flx_deriv 23013325
Flx_diff1 660542
Flx_digits 0
Flx_div_by_X_x 36572705
Flx_divrem 30443627
Flx_divrem_Barrett 604709
Flx_divrem_Barrettspec 905724
Flx_divrem_basecase 61227252
Flx_divrem_pre 78656211
Flx_double 1179459
Flx_equal 26872483
Flx_eval 20405495
Flx_eval2BILspec 603283
Flx_eval_powers_pre 48535979
Flx_eval_pre 136130900
Flx_extgcd 857074
Flx_extgcd_basecase 6183544
Flx_extgcd_halfgcd 126067
Flx_extgcd_pre 6183546
Flx_extresultant 53
Flx_extresultant_basecase 53
Flx_extresultant_pre 53
Flx_fromNewton 109544
Flx_gcd 35026625
Flx_gcd_basecase 85786772
Flx_gcd_pre 87443695
Flx_get_red 14506759
Flx_get_red_pre 97770954
Flx_halfgcd 0
Flx_halfgcd_all 154
Flx_halfgcd_all_i 1087624
Flx_halfgcd_all_pre 1087625
Flx_halfgcd_pre 873183
Flx_halfres_basecase 1094702
Flx_halfres_i 1114667
Flx_halfres_pre 1044
Flx_halfres_split 19964
Flx_halfres_update_pre 9405
Flx_halve 14026
Flx_inflate 160368
Flx_integ 0
Flx_integXn 423309
Flx_invBarrett 0
Flx_invBarrett_Newton 23161
Flx_invBarrett_basecase 134385
Flx_invBarrett_pre 158846
Flx_invLaplace 54652
Flx_is_l_pow 8132
Flx_is_smooth 74256
Flx_is_smooth_pre 118206
Flx_is_smooth_squarefree 126298
Flx_is_squarefree 9200752
Flx_lgrenormalizespec 2134150
Flx_matFrobenius 0
Flx_matFrobenius_pre 86556
Flx_mod_Xn1 31529
Flx_mod_Xnm1 4907988
Flx_mul 26707603
Flx_mul_pre 381732193
Flx_mulhigh_i 949636
Flx_mullimb 1186074860
Flx_mullimb_ok 3363281564
Flx_mulspec 387461302
Flx_mulspec_Kronecker 7367828
Flx_mulspec_basecase 347848045
Flx_mulspec_halfmulii 5463
Flx_mulspec_mulii 10138
Flx_mulspec_mulii_inflate 294040
Flx_mulspec_quartmulii 97167
Flx_neg 4175653
Flx_neg_inplace 1799550
Flx_negspec 4175642
Flx_normalize 64810657
Flx_powu 0
Flx_powu_pre 3922
Flx_recip 0
Flx_recipspec 7287775
Flx_red 1881751
Flx_rem 42202222
Flx_rem_basecase 799660526
Flx_rem_pre 925235551
Flx_renormalize 2167109584
Flx_rescale 1117
Flx_resultant 4739245
Flx_resultant_basecase_pre 14603619
Flx_resultant_pre 14606203
Flx_shift 27400855
Flx_shiftip 630855887
Flx_splitting 147383
Flx_sqr 370250
Flx_sqr_pre 274208469
Flx_sqrspec 274549273
Flx_sqrspec_Kronecker 670271
Flx_sqrspec_basecase 274701603
Flx_sqrspec_halfsqri 136
Flx_sqrspec_quartsqri 10218
Flx_sqrspec_sqri 2065
Flx_sqrspec_sqri_inflate 11814
Flx_sub 136551200
Flx_subspec 898169
Flx_to_Flv 66648756
Flx_to_FlxX 71405
Flx_to_ZX 38375099
Flx_to_ZX_inplace 36535001
Flx_to_int_halfspec 468590
Flx_to_int_quartspec 204551
Flx_translate1 663230
Flx_translate1_basecase 675305
Flx_triple 551294
Flx_unscale 0
Flx_val 4469965
Flx_valrem 28456178
Flxn_div 56562
Flxn_div_pre 56594
Flxn_exp 0
Flxn_expint 109539
Flxn_inv 1037
Flxn_mul 75986
Flxn_mul_pre 5181987
Flxn_mulhigh 527271
Flxn_recip 217922
Flxn_red 6365876
Flxn_sqr 0
Flxn_sqr_pre 0
FlxqC_Flxq_mul 0
FlxqC_red_pre 234855
FlxqM_Flxq_mul 0
FlxqM_mul_Kronecker 81591
FlxqM_red_pre 81591
FlxqV_dotproduct 0
FlxqV_dotproduct_pre 113589
FlxqX_dotproduct 1918
Flxq_autpow 7
Flxq_autpow_msqr 20696
Flxq_autpow_pre 69415
Flxq_autpow_sqr 47243
Flxq_autpowers 1667
Flxq_autsum 0
Flxq_autsum_mul 112087
Flxq_autsum_pre 98572
Flxq_autsum_sqr 104886
Flxq_auttrace 0
Flxq_auttrace_mul 779608
Flxq_auttrace_pre 960271
Flxq_auttrace_sqr 652351
Flxq_charpoly 3625
Flxq_conjvec 20
Flxq_div 1167600
Flxq_div_pre 2313669
Flxq_easylog 519435
Flxq_inv 335790
Flxq_inv_pre 4183761
Flxq_invsafe 670172
Flxq_invsafe_pre 5326522
Flxq_is2npower 0
Flxq_issquare 404606
Flxq_log 164210
Flxq_lroot 0
Flxq_lroot_fast 0
Flxq_lroot_fast_pre 113589
Flxq_lroot_pre 25053
Flxq_matrix_pow 399
Flxq_matrix_pow_pre 170641
Flxq_minpoly 45937
Flxq_minpoly_pre 809781
Flxq_mul 18079823
Flxq_mul_pre 192516360
Flxq_norm 443256
Flxq_order 97322
Flxq_pow 932928
Flxq_pow_Frobenius 23057158
Flxq_pow_init 0
Flxq_pow_init_pre 28
Flxq_pow_pre 24105538
Flxq_pow_table 0
Flxq_pow_table_pre 4393
Flxq_powers 232128
Flxq_powers_pre 22440573
Flxq_powu 488359
Flxq_powu_pre 24180990
Flxq_sqr 2763480
Flxq_sqr_pre 273231248
Flxq_sqrt 230555
Flxq_sqrt_pre 230555
Flxq_sqrtl_spec_pre 37667
Flxq_sqrtn 23095
Flxq_sqrtn_spec_pre 21900
Flxq_sumautsum_msqr 40869
Flxq_sumautsum_pre 210695
Flxq_sumautsum_sqr 295218
Flxq_trace 4724
Flxq_transmul 4212234
Flxq_transmul_init 1746343
RgXV_to_FlxV 7
RgX_to_Flx 2209613
Rg_to_F2 1715125
Rg_to_Fl 73086030
Rg_to_Flxq 3461450
ZM_unpack_FlxM 23421
ZM_unpack_FlxM_bits 58170
ZXT_to_FlxT 3797866
ZXV_to_FlxV 0
ZX_to_Flx 171014228
Z_mod2BIL_Flx 305854
Z_mod2BIL_Flx_2 308784
Z_mod2BIL_Flx_3 0
Z_to_Flx 7594028
ZpX_invLaplace_init 497
_Fl2_mul 1925166
_Fl2_pow 671880
_Fl2_rand 113914
_Fl2_sqr 4911786
_Flx_add 0
_Flx_composedsum 3882
_Flx_divrem 0
_Flx_mul 11779309
_Flx_one 0
_Flx_pow 0
_Flx_sqr 0
_Flxq_add 389834
_Flxq_equal0 69139
_Flxq_inv 9460
_Flxq_mul 148089125
_Flxq_neg 366572
_Flxq_one 22439147
_Flxq_pow 23049749
_Flxq_powu 68
_Flxq_powu_i 22927952
_Flxq_rand 6564
_Flxq_red 1550928
_Flxq_rmul 1461838
_Flxq_s 6567
_Flxq_sqr 267027029
bounded_order 394017
gener_Flxq 7201
get_Fl_threshold 2321695613
get_Flx_red 988152018
get_Flxq_field 68902
get_Flxq_star 283433
init_invlaplace 12514
int_to_Flx 12215
int_to_Flx_half 507058
int_to_Flx_quart 107385
kron_pack_Flx_spec 53168
kron_pack_Flx_spec_2 3389
kron_pack_Flx_spec_3 0
kron_pack_Flx_spec_bits 20999429
kron_pack_Flx_spec_half 688104
kron_unpack_Flx 42785
kron_unpack_Flx_2 2930
kron_unpack_Flx_3 0
kron_unpack_Flx_bits_narrow 5623729
kron_unpack_Flx_bits_wide 5696390
matJ2_FlxM 13
matid2_FlxM 911
maxbitcoeffpol 8472953
mkF2 27669169
monomial_Flx 941264
random_Flx 2646340
set_Flxq 68922
set_Flxq_pre 70020805
translate_basecase 688477
zero_FlxC 0
zero_FlxM 0
zero_FlxM_copy 0
zl_Xp1_powu 12017
zlx_translate1 25259
zx_to_Flx 6407626

Generated by: LCOV version 1.16