Code coverage tests

This page documents the degree to which the PARI/GP source code is tested by our public test suite, distributed with the source distribution in directory src/test/. This is measured by the gcov utility; we then process gcov output using the lcov frond-end.

We test a few variants depending on Configure flags on the pari.math.u-bordeaux.fr machine (x86_64 architecture), and agregate them in the final report:

The target is to exceed 90% coverage for all mathematical modules (given that branches depending on DEBUGLEVEL or DEBUGMEM are not covered). This script is run to produce the results below.

LCOV - code coverage report
Current view: top level - headers - pariinl.h (source / functions) Hit Total Coverage
Test: PARI/GP v2.18.1 lcov report (development 30773-2078653b96) Lines: 1422 1535 92.6 %
Date: 2026-03-30 09:27:24 Functions: 650 707 91.9 %
Legend: Lines: hit not hit

Function Name Sort by function name Hit count Sort by hit count
F2m_clear 0
F2xX_shift 0
F3m_copy 0
F3m_set 0
FlxqX_div 0
Flxq_add 0
Flxq_sub 0
FpV_FpC_mul 0
FpXQ_add 0
FpXQ_sub 0
FqXQ_add 0
FqXQ_div 0
FqXQ_inv 0
FqXQ_invsafe 0
FqXQ_pow 0
FqXQ_sqr 0
FqXQ_sub 0
FqX_divrem 0
FqX_halfgcd 0
FqX_integ 0
FqXn_exp 0
FqXn_sqr 0
R_abs 0
RgX_isscalar 0
bid_get_gen_nocheck 0
bid_get_no 0
cbrtr 0
cbrtr_abs 0
gchar_get_U 0
gchar_get_hnf 0
gmaxsg 0
gminsg 0
inv_content 0
is_qfb_t 0
mkcol4s 0
mkerr 0
mkmat5 0
mkvec5s 0
mkvec6 0
pari_err_FILE 0
pari_err_MAXPRIME 0
pari_err_PACKAGE 0
polx_zx 0
random_Fq 0
truecoef 0
trunc_safe 0
vec_setconst 0
vecmodii 0
vecsmall_coincidence 0
zero_F2m 0
zero_zm 0
zero_zx 0
zm_copy 0
zm_row 0
zm_to_zxV 0
zx_shift 0
zx_to_zv 0
FqX_ddf 7
FqX_factor_squarefree 7
mkrfraccopy 14
pari_err_BUG 14
znstar_get_no 14
RgM_gtomp 21
mkvec4s 21
pari_err_CONSTPOL 21
vecsmall_indexmax 21
vecsmall_indexmin 21
closure_get_code 28
pari_err_FILEDESC 36
F2v_ei 42
RgV_gtofp 56
pari_err_IRREDPOL 63
pari_err_ROOTS0 63
bnr_get_gen_nocheck 70
mkmat4 84
vecsmall_isin 84
vecsmall_pack 84
gal_get_e 91
pari_err_COPRIME 91
mkcol5 94
Z_ispower 98
pari_err_FLAG 98
pari_err_PRIME 98
rnf_get_index 105
ellnf_get_bnf 119
RgX_to_RgV 140
pari_err_OVERFLOW 156
mkvecs 168
FqX_to_mod 175
pari_err_COMPONENT 214
nbits2ndec 228
pari_err_PREC 238
pari_err_PRIORITY 245
zm_transpose 266
rowsplice 273
err_get_compo 294
pol_xnall 294
mkvec6s 301
ellQp_get_prec 308
mkcol3s 315
gchar_get_nfree 322
gchar_get_ntors 322
get_F2xqX_mod 343
rnf_get_disc 357
pari_err_VAR 371
polxn_Flx 371
sturm 385
pari_err_OP 406
pari_err_IMPL 539
vecsmall_lengthen 547
RgC_gtomp 574
rnf_get_varn 574
gchar_get_r2 623
gchar_set_HUUi 630
gchar_set_nalg 630
gchar_set_nfree 630
gchar_set_ntors 630
bnf_get_reg 648
pari_err_DIM 718
perm_sqr 728
Rg_to_Fq 756
F2m_set 798
gchar_set_m0 945
row_i 987
RgM_minor 1036
quad_disc 1085
ellQp_get_p 1134
zero_F2x 1181
gchar_copy_precs 1225
gchar_set_prec 1225
rnf_get_invzk 1225
rnf_get_k 1225
locs_get_Lgenfil 1288
locs_get_famod 1288
FqX_powu 1295
pari_err_MODULUS 1316
rnf_get_idealdisc 1386
rnf_get_alpha 1428
ellQp_get_zero 1463
gchar_set_basis 1575
gchar_set_cyc 1575
gchar_get_sfu 1743
gchar_set_evalprec 1813
mkintmodu 1834
gchar_get_nm 1869
pari_realloc 1880
RgXQX_div 1904
mkpadic 2009
gchar_get_nalg 2044
gchar_set_nf 2110
gchar_set_u0 2121
vecreverse_inplace 2605
rnf_get_ramified_primes 2849
pari_err_DOMAIN 2876
gchar_set_nfprec 2968
vecsmall_reverse 3052
vecsmall_to_vec_inplace 3304
gchar_get_m0 3318
pari_err_TYPE2 3493
get_FpXQX_degree 3589
vecsmall_min 3710
gchar_get_evalprec 4011
gchar_get_modP 4095
FqX_normalize 4144
nf_get_r2 4154
gchar_get_u0 4252
nf_get_zk 4382
nf_get_diff 4445
F2v_copy 4487
FpXQX_div 4526
matpascal 4683
rnf_get_zk 4830
rnf_get_nfvarn 4886
idealchineseinit 5427
pari_stack_pushp 5821
FqX_get_red 6090
gal_get_p 6118
gval 6230
FqXn_expint 6590
gal_get_orders 6706
is_extscalar_t 6904
pari_err_SQRTN 7084
FqXn_inv 7126
rnf_get_nfzk 7245
FqX_roots 7273
submuliu 7700
bnr_get_gen 7847
get_FlxqX_mod 8033
identity_ZV 8120
gchar_get_mod 8225
locs_get_mod 8225
ndec2nbits 8270
FqX_gcd 8288
bnf_get_no 8372
vectrunc_append_batch 9667
prec2ndec 9778
cgetalloc 10136
ZX_equal1 10488
gchar_get_Ui 10983
vec_shorten 11557
R_abs_shallow 13097
gchar_get_nfprec 13468
closure_get_dbg 13660
zx_renormalize 14049
pari_err_TYPE 15370
gal_get_gen 15491
znstar_get_gen 16150
gchar_get_cyc 16177
mkmat3 17001
zeropadic_shallow 17150
gchar_get_r1 17444
Fp_muls 17780
gchar_get_prec 18795
vec_lengthen 18960
FqX_halve 19411
pari_err_INV 20025
FpXY_Fq_evaly 20587
rnf_get_nfdegree 21455
FqX_mulu 21942
gtomp 22428
RgM_fpnorml2 22655
FqXQ_mul 22766
nf_get_Tr 23278
ZV_dvd 23485
gal_get_mod 23870
FqX_neg 24956
FqX_red 25354
bnf_get_fu 25859
nfV_to_scalar_or_alg 26300
gal_get_den 27867
gal_get_invvdm 27874
absfrac_shallow 28237
gequalgs 29176
zerovec_block 29654
gener_Fq_local 29945
gchar_get_basis 32816
gal_get_roots 32844
F2xqX_div 33173
ndec2prec 33314
mkcolcopy 33578
Qtoss 35364
gal_get_pol 36428
gchar_get_S 36995
gchar_get_ns 36995
closure_get_text 37150
gchar_get_nc 37261
FqX_rem 37743
F2v_to_F2x 38024
FqX_div 38568
FqX_deriv 40061
mkcols 40411
bid_get_arch 41187
ndec2nlong 41584
znstar_get_Ui 46788
pari_calloc 47770
FqX_degfact 47786
bid_get_sarch 48594
vecmoduu 49784
gchar_get_loccyc 50519
get_FpXQX_var 51630
locs_get_cyc 52136
div_content 58510
RgX_fpnorml2 61607
err_get_num 62595
bid_get_gen 64274
nf_get_ramified_primes 64644
RgX_is_rational 68156
FqX_sub 68607
mkquad 69118
FqX_div_by_X_x 69699
quadnorm 69881
FqX_sqr 71855
bid_get_ideal 72842
Fq_to_FpXQ 73652
vecsmall_shorten 75755
bnr_get_mod 77119
gal_get_group 80414
mkcol3 88314
cyclic_perm 99932
gtou 100723
mkcol4 103467
zv_to_zx 104146
mkmoo 108905
zeromat 108964
RgV_isin 110158
RgV_isin_i 110158
mkvec2copy 114531
Q_abs_shallow 120227
mkmatcopy 122318
mkveccopy 122528
RgXQX_rem 127635
FqX_add 127694
rnf_get_map 135659
idealred 138810
zeroser 138992
FqX_factor 140960
RgV_is_QV 142002
get_FpXQX_mod 146583
FlxqX_div_pre 165414
znstar_get_U 176107
vecsmall_prepend 186977
gchar_get_DLdata 190673
locs_get_Lsprk 193935
F2m_copy 200669
get_F2xqX_degree 200851
rowcopy 204988
gchar_get_bnf 205373
mkmat22s 207578
locs_get_m_infty 209475
mkvec2s 220730
mkcol6 232470
ellR_get_prec 232750
rowslicepermute 234473
zero_Flm_copy 238321
gchar_get_nf 243946
Fp_halve 247271
affc_fixlg 249621
rnf_get_nfpol 255354
znstar_get_cyc 262088
FqXn_mul 263403
get_FlxqX_var 264435
bnr_get_no 277489
gchar_get_zm 281911
bnf_get_tuN 282997
bnf_get_fu_nocheck 289089
bnf_get_tuU 303579
nf_get_G 304858
vec_prepend 313932
get_FlxqX_degree 317580
rnf_get_polabs 327628
cxtoreal 337205
upr_norm 346135
RgX_renormalize 349807
FqX_mul 367934
ellR_get_sign 371535
get_F2xqX_var 375375
vecsplice 385005
RgX_is_QX 399939
ZM_hnfrem 401369
abgrp_get_no 406734
perm_conj 418299
FqX_Fq_mul 427294
FqX_extgcd 445023
nf_get_disc 463511
precdbl 476370
RgX_shift_inplace 479468
RgX_shift_inplace_init 479468
Z_issquare 509452
nf_get_sign 519601
mkvec3s 524441
addmuliu 541581
ellff_get_a4a6 551462
gdivsg 559710
zv_to_ZV 569244
FqX_Fp_mul 572206
vecsmall_to_vec 578043
prec2nbits_mul 581097
vecsmall_ei 585138
powIs 596435
ZM_ZV_mod 610695
RgC_fpnorml2 619932
FqX_is_squarefree 683802
vecreverse 697305
mkrfrac 698439
coltrunc_init 740257
logint 755023
gcmpgs 761923
row 763901
rnf_get_nf 786086
zero_F2m_copy 845291
FpXX_renormalize 849322
zeropadic 857551
gmin_shallow 898138
affgr 899594
ellinf 913923
ZXQ_sqr 960623
cgetc 975458
Flx_lead 1068745
polx_F2x 1078695
pr_norm 1090606
Flx_constant 1091661
Fp_invsafe 1097238
sstoQ 1097313
Flx_mulu 1105496
vecsmall_max 1177485
mkfracss 1209563
RgV_isscalar 1210268
gen_I 1268875
RgX_is_monomial 1320034
mkoo 1332112
bnf_get_sunits 1367774
rnf_get_absdegree 1392746
bnr_get_nf 1399069
constant_coeff 1441260
Rg_col_ei 1451126
inf_get_sign 1453259
vecsmall_concat 1464645
guncloneNULL_deep 1503363
nf_get_varn 1503765
bid_get_mod 1521922
F2m_flip 1554246
F2v_flip 1554246
F2x_flip 1554246
F2x_div 1570062
uutoQ 1602144
nf_get_roots 1628905
bnf_get_gen 1680312
zv_copy 1687798
vec_ei 1714763
mkvecsmall5 1718728
gsubgs 1731938
nf_get_roundG 1748534
abgrp_get_gen 1765023
ellff_get_field 1790607
modpr_get_p 1887627
get_F2x_degree 1928539
killblock 1954716
Flx_div 1999787
ellnf_get_nf 2027242
bnr_get_bid 2046090
Flv_copy 2059067
ulogint 2093753
ell_get_j 2126269
bid_get_MOD 2157242
bid_get_sprk 2157965
ZXQ_mul 2166249
get_F2x_var 2168653
bid_get_fact2 2201567
gc_slice 2211077
pol_xn 2252831
pari_realloc_ip 2359927
bid_get_archp 2397098
bid_get_fact 2498922
rnf_get_degree 2506335
bnr_get_cyc 2522553
ell_get_b4 2550293
mul_content 2657459
cyc_get_expo 2757537
hash_str 2757674
sqrtnr 2810797
bnr_get_clgp 2830227
zero_Flm 2831132
rnf_get_pol 2845192
vecslicepermute 2858574
znstar_get_pe 2869063
F2x_equal1 2873642
bnf_get_logfu 2874766
RgX_coeff 2889731
gisdouble 2996580
mkpolmod 3075552
Fq_red 3106426
bit_accuracy_mul 3175715
ZV_to_zv 3211715
identity_perm 3243461
zero_Flx 3255491
F3m_coeff 3255711
identity_zv 3267824
znstar_get_conreygen 3290526
ell_get_b8 3297414
get_F2x_mod 3307620
get_FpX_mod 3387861
vec_append 3468950
zero_F2v 3656699
bid_get_U 3680218
bnf_get_cyc 3686603
bnr_get_bnf 3710949
nf_get_index 3712015
perm_inv 3747519
pol_1 3752505
pol_x 3860465
ell_get_b6 3863192
mulsubii 3893229
vec_to_vecsmall 4039421
vecsmall_append 4114698
sqrfrac 4151032
F2x_equal 4184951
mkcol2s 4416244
FpXQX_renormalize 4692459
pol1_F2x 4768326
mkmat 4779953
qfb_disc3 4995425
mkfraccopy 4999694
is_rational_t 5017756
bnf_get_clgp 5375460
nf_get_zkprimpart 5416427
nf_get_zkden 5462254
FpX_div 5581995
bid_get_cyc 5739806
bid_get_grp 5804661
pari_stack_delete 5867923
col_ei 5925219
isintm1 6086539
pari_stack_init 6378856
Flm_copy 6434531
sqrti 6612707
get_FpX_var 6952118
get_FpX_degree 6969302
RgX_div 6997261
vecsmall_lexcmp 7043259
ZM_lll 7118125
RgX_gtofp 7163992
ZX_is_monic 7319868
znstar_get_faN 7334819
vecsmall_copy 7341216
ell_get_b2 7371405
zc_to_ZC 7910470
vecsmall_to_col 7925015
znstar_get_conreycyc 7982108
Q_abs 8061004
mkintmod 8066797
checkell_i 8103991
ZV_ZV_mod 8147149
Flx_equal1 8196123
RgM_gtofp 8258358
F2m_coeff 8359004
Flm_row 8743692
cxtofp 9093613
veclast 9374228
ismpzero 9702591
is_intreal_t 9702709
const_col 9730119
nf_get_invzk 9774836
bnf_get_nf 9866308
RgM_dimensions 9954710
mkvec4 10150179
ell_get_a4 10325141
ell_get_a6 10371101
mkcol 10653406
ZC_hnfrem 10697356
mul_denom 10709705
ell_get_c4 11019145
ell_get_a2 11108723
Fp_addmul 11230612
ser_isexactzero 11434254
gc_INT_affii 11565961
vectrunc_init 11766329
pr_get_gen 12072648
abgrp_get_cyc 12231202
F2x_clear 12361974
F2v_clear 12361988
nbits2nlong 12750821
ell_get_a3 12863761
zeropol 12867491
ell_get_c6 13474850
gmax_shallow 13510227
modpr_get_T 13867064
zeromatcopy 14378760
closure_get_frame 14735055
rowpermute 14759233
ell_get_type 14946097
Fp_div 15034121
Fp_divu 15128603
mkvec5 15187674
vectrunc_append 15856125
pr_get_e 16167471
ell_get_disc 16816553
matslice 16825951
ell_get_a1 17049194
pr_is_inert 17224444
normalize_frac 17311349
pol0_F2x 17346783
isint1 17987198
Fp_center_i 18053844
cxcompotor 18239045
qfb_disc 18502525
mkvecsmall4 18653958
const_vecsmall 18861122
Fp_double 20766056
vecpermute 21108945
Flx_div_pre 21705981
nf_get_M 21745958
RgM_shallowcopy 22235735
RgX_is_ZX 22315479
Fp_inv 23436011
nf_get_r1 23466498
ZV_isscalar 23675385
gmulgs 23877843
get_Flx_mod 25499480
pr_get_f 26444708
RgX_equal_var 26880490
pol_0 27123752
shallowcopy 27896589
mkqfb 27928949
zerovec 29348435
modpr_get_pr 31236543
hash_str_len 31655983
submulii 31985063
RgV_is_ZV 32095988
Fp_neg 32667905
mkmat2 33665796
RgC_gtofp 34037797
const_vec 34674793
polx_Flx 37494366
lincombii 38273260
znstar_get_N 38658713
zero_zv 39510372
mkfrac 41927411
powii 43130143
is_vec_t 43949032
closure_is_variadic 45930969
absfrac 46991275
pr_get_tau 49773827
guncloneNULL 49823901
ell_is_inf 50209597
mkmat22 50259188
QV_isscalar 54420103
pol1_Flx 55727521
addmuliu_inplace 59563622
submuliu_inplace 60073937
is_real_t 61900630
zero_Flv 61989650
Fp_sqr 63479621
qfb_is_qfi 64515001
F2x_copy 64539730
Fp_mulu 65374084
gtodouble 66246835
get_Flx_var 68245218
mkvec 69363542
nf_get_degree 71376126
Fp_center 77329663
vecsmallpermute 78762438
rowslice 79470376
perm_mul 80958741
get_Flx_degree 82146111
Fp_red 82925500
gtos 85865510
sqrtr 86931741
is_noncalc_t 88516220
mkcomplex 92011031
pr_get_p 92761332
cxnorm 94097229
dbllog2r 94329183
nf_get_pol 98119314
vecsmalltrunc_append 100884759
RgX_copy 102487030
gc_all 102553081
mkvecsmall3 103255321
F2v_set 104115085
cgiv 105476970
prec2nbits 106946389
vecsmall_prefixcmp 108088071
pol0_Flx 111623442
mkvec3 119660886
gaddgs 123270522
both_odd 124085874
zerocol 125162106
F2x_renormalize 127852325
nchar2nlong 127926843
F2x_set 129982253
equalim1 139567870
mkvecsmall 140265310
bit_prec 143407466
FpX_renormalize 147014303
mkcol2 156970019
ZX_renormalize 157442318
nbrows 158278755
leading_coeff 169337569
Flx_copy 175794307
Fp_add 183251851
nbits2prec 189011153
Fp_sub 200921426
Fp_mul 203093502
mkvec2 215371117
vecsmalltrunc_init 244433308
gc_GEN 246776491
mkvecsmall2 256984729
gtofp 257212815
gmulgu 283360013
closure_get_data 305871124
closure_get_oper 305897555
closure_codestr 305920214
is_universal_constant 326603580
lgcols 352697258
closure_arity 356343076
is_scalar_t 403471326
lg_increase 445700780
bin_copy 472891586
pari_free 487248181
is_bigint 574363496
leafcopy_avma 593869682
vecslice 657486448
F2v_coeff 664438775
F2x_coeff 670994453
pari_malloc 723359721
is_matvec_t 742712937
pari_stack_new 910901608
GENbinbase 919020801
pari_stack_alloc 1006227314
pari_stack_base 1012029267
gc_leaf 1160719571
equali1 1169258047
nbits2extraprec 1497861928
gc_upto 1971510550
odd 2124777882
is_pm1 2216151640
lgpol 2623321980
isintzero 2848219005
bit_accuracy 3144949000
gc_INT 4134423420
prec2lg 4561243406
is_const_t 5002763738
degpol 5514687528
icopy_avma 8050120782
remsBIL 8148773313
divsBIL 8240132282
isonstack 8355444054
is_recursive_t 9105320779

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