Code coverage tests

This page documents the degree to which the PARI/GP source code is tested by our public test suite, distributed with the source distribution in directory src/test/. This is measured by the gcov utility; we then process gcov output using the lcov frond-end.

We test a few variants depending on Configure flags on the pari.math.u-bordeaux.fr machine (x86_64 architecture), and agregate them in the final report:

The target is to exceed 90% coverage for all mathematical modules (given that branches depending on DEBUGLEVEL or DEBUGMEM are not covered). This script is run to produce the results below.

LCOV - code coverage report
Current view: top level - headers - pariinl.h (source / functions) Hit Total Coverage
Test: PARI/GP v2.18.1 lcov report (development 30610-dfc8ed42cd) Lines: 1420 1535 92.5 %
Date: 2026-01-14 09:22:13 Functions: 649 707 91.8 %
Legend: Lines: hit not hit

Function Name Sort by function name Hit count Sort by hit count
F2m_clear 0
F2xX_shift 0
F3m_copy 0
F3m_set 0
FlxqX_div 0
Flxq_add 0
Flxq_sub 0
FpV_FpC_mul 0
FpXQ_add 0
FpXQ_sub 0
FqXQ_add 0
FqXQ_div 0
FqXQ_inv 0
FqXQ_invsafe 0
FqXQ_pow 0
FqXQ_sqr 0
FqXQ_sub 0
FqX_divrem 0
FqX_halfgcd 0
FqX_integ 0
FqXn_exp 0
FqXn_sqr 0
R_abs 0
RgX_isscalar 0
bid_get_gen_nocheck 0
bid_get_no 0
cbrtr 0
cbrtr_abs 0
closure_get_code 0
gchar_get_U 0
gchar_get_hnf 0
gmaxsg 0
gminsg 0
inv_content 0
is_qfb_t 0
mkcol4s 0
mkerr 0
mkmat5 0
mkvec5s 0
mkvec6 0
pari_err_FILE 0
pari_err_MAXPRIME 0
pari_err_PACKAGE 0
polx_zx 0
random_Fq 0
truecoef 0
trunc_safe 0
vec_setconst 0
vecmodii 0
vecsmall_coincidence 0
zero_F2m 0
zero_zm 0
zero_zx 0
zm_copy 0
zm_row 0
zm_to_zxV 0
zx_shift 0
zx_to_zv 0
FqX_ddf 7
FqX_factor_squarefree 7
mkrfraccopy 14
pari_err_BUG 14
znstar_get_no 14
RgM_gtomp 21
mkvec4s 21
pari_err_CONSTPOL 21
vecsmall_indexmax 21
vecsmall_indexmin 21
pari_err_FILEDESC 36
F2v_ei 42
RgV_gtofp 56
pari_err_IRREDPOL 63
pari_err_ROOTS0 63
bnr_get_gen_nocheck 70
mkmat4 84
pari_err_COPRIME 84
vecsmall_isin 84
vecsmall_pack 84
gal_get_e 91
mkcol5 94
Z_ispower 98
pari_err_FLAG 98
pari_err_PRIME 98
rnf_get_index 105
ellnf_get_bnf 119
RgX_to_RgV 140
pari_err_OVERFLOW 156
mkvecs 168
FqX_to_mod 175
pari_err_COMPONENT 214
nbits2ndec 228
pari_err_PREC 238
pari_err_PRIORITY 245
zm_transpose 266
rowsplice 273
err_get_compo 294
pol_xnall 294
mkvec6s 301
ellQp_get_prec 308
mkcol3s 315
gchar_get_nfree 322
gchar_get_ntors 322
get_F2xqX_mod 343
rnf_get_disc 357
pari_err_VAR 371
polxn_Flx 371
sturm 385
pari_err_OP 406
pari_err_IMPL 539
vecsmall_lengthen 547
RgC_gtomp 574
rnf_get_varn 574
gchar_get_r2 623
gchar_set_HUUi 630
gchar_set_nalg 630
gchar_set_nfree 630
gchar_set_ntors 630
bnf_get_reg 648
pari_err_DIM 718
perm_sqr 728
Rg_to_Fq 756
F2m_set 798
gchar_set_m0 945
row_i 987
RgM_minor 1036
quad_disc 1085
ellQp_get_p 1134
gchar_copy_precs 1225
gchar_set_prec 1225
rnf_get_invzk 1225
rnf_get_k 1225
locs_get_Lgenfil 1288
locs_get_famod 1288
FqX_powu 1295
pari_err_MODULUS 1316
zero_F2x 1350
rnf_get_idealdisc 1386
rnf_get_alpha 1428
ellQp_get_zero 1463
powIs 1561
gchar_set_basis 1575
gchar_set_cyc 1575
gchar_get_sfu 1743
gchar_set_evalprec 1813
mkintmodu 1813
gchar_get_nm 1869
pari_realloc 1890
RgXQX_div 1904
mkpadic 2009
gchar_get_nalg 2044
gchar_set_nf 2110
gchar_set_u0 2121
vecsmall_min 2345
vecreverse_inplace 2605
rnf_get_ramified_primes 2849
pari_err_DOMAIN 2862
gchar_set_nfprec 2968
vecsmall_reverse 3052
vecsmall_to_vec_inplace 3304
gchar_get_m0 3318
pari_err_TYPE2 3493
get_FpXQX_degree 3589
matpascal 3983
gchar_get_evalprec 4011
gchar_get_modP 4095
FqX_normalize 4144
nf_get_r2 4154
gchar_get_u0 4252
nf_get_zk 4382
nf_get_diff 4445
F2v_copy 4487
FpXQX_div 4526
rnf_get_zk 4830
rnf_get_nfvarn 4886
idealchineseinit 5427
pari_stack_pushp 5851
gal_get_p 6006
FqX_get_red 6090
gval 6230
FqXn_expint 6590
gal_get_orders 6678
is_extscalar_t 6876
pari_err_SQRTN 7084
FqXn_inv 7126
rnf_get_nfzk 7245
FqX_roots 7273
submuliu 7700
bnr_get_gen 7847
get_FlxqX_mod 8033
identity_ZV 8113
gchar_get_mod 8225
locs_get_mod 8225
ndec2nbits 8270
FqX_gcd 8288
bnf_get_no 8372
vectrunc_append_batch 9667
prec2ndec 9778
cgetalloc 10166
gchar_get_Ui 10983
vec_shorten 11557
ZX_equal1 12850
R_abs_shallow 13097
gchar_get_nfprec 13468
closure_get_dbg 13628
zx_renormalize 14049
pari_err_TYPE 15370
gal_get_gen 15435
znstar_get_gen 16150
gchar_get_cyc 16177
mkmat3 17001
zeropadic_shallow 17024
gchar_get_r1 17444
Fp_muls 17780
gchar_get_prec 18795
vec_lengthen 18960
FqX_halve 19411
pari_err_INV 20018
FpXY_Fq_evaly 20587
rnf_get_nfdegree 21455
FqX_mulu 21942
nf_get_Tr 22079
gtomp 22428
RgM_fpnorml2 22661
FqXQ_mul 22766
ZV_dvd 23485
gal_get_mod 23758
FqX_neg 24956
FqX_red 25354
bnf_get_fu 25859
nfV_to_scalar_or_alg 26299
gal_get_den 27867
gal_get_invvdm 27874
absfrac_shallow 28237
gequalgs 29176
zerovec_block 29654
gener_Fq_local 29946
gal_get_roots 32732
gchar_get_basis 32816
F2xqX_div 33173
ndec2prec 33279
mkcolcopy 33553
Qtoss 35322
gal_get_pol 36316
gchar_get_S 36995
gchar_get_ns 36995
closure_get_text 37065
gchar_get_nc 37261
FqX_rem 37743
F2v_to_F2x 37880
FqX_div 38567
FqX_deriv 40061
mkcols 40411
bid_get_arch 41188
ndec2nlong 41549
znstar_get_Ui 46788
pari_calloc 47720
FqX_degfact 47786
bid_get_sarch 48594
vecmoduu 49784
gchar_get_loccyc 50519
get_FpXQX_var 51630
locs_get_cyc 52136
div_content 58504
RgX_fpnorml2 61496
err_get_num 62537
bid_get_gen 64274
nf_get_ramified_primes 64645
RgX_is_rational 68162
FqX_sub 68607
mkquad 69118
FqX_div_by_X_x 69699
quadnorm 69881
FqX_sqr 71855
bid_get_ideal 72842
Fq_to_FpXQ 73652
vecsmall_shorten 75641
bnr_get_mod 77119
gal_get_group 80386
mkcol3 88314
gtou 99542
cyclic_perm 99911
mkcol4 103467
zv_to_zx 104146
mkmoo 108796
zeromat 109057
RgV_isin 110144
RgV_isin_i 110144
mkvec2copy 114527
Q_abs_shallow 120226
mkmatcopy 122284
mkveccopy 122521
RgXQX_rem 127635
FqX_add 127694
rnf_get_map 135659
idealred 138434
zeroser 138908
RgV_is_QV 140731
FqX_factor 140946
get_FpXQX_mod 146583
FlxqX_div_pre 165415
znstar_get_U 176107
rowslicepermute 184971
vecsmall_prepend 186970
gchar_get_DLdata 190673
locs_get_Lsprk 193935
F2m_copy 200482
get_F2xqX_degree 200851
rowcopy 204988
gchar_get_bnf 205373
mkmat22s 207578
locs_get_m_infty 209475
mkvec2s 220247
mkcol6 232470
ellR_get_prec 232750
zero_Flm_copy 238230
gchar_get_nf 243946
Fp_halve 247271
affc_fixlg 249621
rnf_get_nfpol 255354
znstar_get_cyc 262088
FqXn_mul 263403
get_FlxqX_var 264420
bnr_get_no 277460
gchar_get_zm 281911
bnf_get_tuN 282992
bnf_get_fu_nocheck 289078
bnf_get_tuU 303571
nf_get_G 304868
vec_prepend 313999
get_FlxqX_degree 317565
rnf_get_polabs 327628
Flx_constant 334010
cxtoreal 337206
upr_norm 346134
RgX_renormalize 349807
abgrp_get_no 354944
ZM_hnfrem 363779
FqX_mul 367705
ellR_get_sign 371535
get_F2xqX_var 375375
vecsplice 384919
RgX_is_QX 399939
perm_conj 418299
FqX_Fq_mul 427287
FqX_extgcd 444663
Z_issquare 458706
nf_get_disc 463482
precdbl 475365
RgX_shift_inplace 479366
RgX_shift_inplace_init 479366
zv_to_ZV 502982
vecsmall_to_vec 511781
nf_get_sign 519551
mkvec3s 524441
gdivsg 531591
addmuliu 535763
FqX_Fp_mul 571423
prec2nbits_mul 581165
vecsmall_ei 584692
ZM_ZV_mod 596460
RgC_fpnorml2 619847
FqX_is_squarefree 683802
vecreverse 697277
mkrfrac 698439
coltrunc_init 740250
logint 754841
gcmpgs 761923
row 763899
rnf_get_nf 786086
ellff_get_a4a6 800040
zero_F2m_copy 845041
FpXX_renormalize 849917
zeropadic 855578
gmin_shallow 877673
affgr 898866
ZXQ_sqr 960435
cgetc 975459
Flx_lead 978661
polx_F2x 1078189
pr_norm 1090493
sstoQ 1097215
Fp_invsafe 1100353
Flx_mulu 1105354
vecsmall_max 1164139
mkfracss 1209563
RgV_isscalar 1210272
gen_I 1269703
RgX_is_monomial 1331325
mkoo 1331838
bnf_get_sunits 1367773
rnf_get_absdegree 1392746
bnr_get_nf 1399066
zero_Flx 1426896
guncloneNULL_deep 1427466
constant_coeff 1441154
Rg_col_ei 1451062
inf_get_sign 1452886
vecsmall_concat 1464131
nf_get_varn 1503590
bid_get_mod 1521921
F2m_flip 1553948
F2v_flip 1553948
F2x_flip 1553948
F2x_div 1570262
uutoQ 1600198
nf_get_roots 1628933
bnf_get_gen 1680304
vec_ei 1713851
mkvecsmall5 1717470
ulogint 1717753
gsubgs 1724803
nf_get_roundG 1748171
abgrp_get_gen 1765018
ellinf 1870004
modpr_get_p 1887625
killblock 1917002
get_F2x_degree 1928993
Flx_div 1997960
ellnf_get_nf 2027252
ellff_get_field 2036871
bnr_get_bid 2046088
ell_get_j 2126269
bid_get_MOD 2157238
bid_get_sprk 2157969
ZXQ_mul 2161286
zv_copy 2183779
bid_get_fact2 2201562
gc_slice 2204095
pol_xn 2249279
pari_realloc_ip 2256503
bid_get_archp 2397103
bid_get_fact 2498925
get_F2x_mod 2499189
rnf_get_degree 2506335
bnr_get_cyc 2522549
get_F2x_var 2533936
ell_get_b4 2550216
Flv_copy 2555040
mul_content 2657085
RgX_coeff 2669861
vecslicepermute 2689883
hash_str 2756815
cyc_get_expo 2757548
perm_inv 2781749
sqrtnr 2810114
zero_Flm 2829090
bnr_get_clgp 2830223
rnf_get_pol 2845192
znstar_get_pe 2869063
F2x_equal1 2874032
bnf_get_logfu 2874759
gisdouble 2995744
mkpolmod 3103727
Fq_red 3106235
bit_accuracy_mul 3175472
ZV_to_zv 3211408
identity_perm 3241132
F3m_coeff 3255911
identity_zv 3265483
znstar_get_conreygen 3290176
ell_get_b8 3297414
get_FpX_mod 3394355
vec_append 3465048
zero_F2v 3647700
bid_get_U 3680217
bnf_get_cyc 3686150
bnr_get_bnf 3710948
nf_get_index 3711382
pol_1 3755726
pol_x 3856870
ell_get_b6 3863115
mulsubii 3881282
pol1_F2x 3957273
vec_to_vecsmall 4036607
vecsmall_append 4099588
sqrfrac 4148158
vecsmall_copy 4403881
mkcol2s 4416244
F2x_equal 4661913
FpXQX_renormalize 4693909
mkmat 4750765
qfb_disc3 4996149
mkfraccopy 4999714
is_rational_t 5032454
bnf_get_clgp 5375000
nf_get_zkprimpart 5413920
nf_get_zkden 5459718
pari_stack_delete 5556766
FpX_div 5581146
checkell_i 5593245
isintm1 5710100
bid_get_cyc 5739815
bid_get_grp 5804667
col_ei 5924525
pari_stack_init 6051557
get_FpX_degree 6424524
Flm_copy 6433366
sqrti 6610136
get_FpX_var 6957807
RgX_div 7000641
vecsmall_lexcmp 7043231
ell_get_a2 7106183
ZM_lll 7117790
RgX_gtofp 7144685
znstar_get_faN 7331711
ell_get_b2 7371038
ZX_is_monic 7374325
zc_to_ZC 7824396
vecsmall_to_col 7838573
znstar_get_conreycyc 7979693
F2m_coeff 8038159
Q_abs 8062629
mkintmod 8092786
ZV_ZV_mod 8131431
RgM_gtofp 8258017
Flx_equal1 8329850
gc_INT_affii 8486449
ell_get_a4 8536724
Flm_row 8740423
ell_get_a3 8814059
ell_get_a1 8997092
cxtofp 9079489
veclast 9372700
ismpzero 9584373
is_intreal_t 9584485
const_col 9729651
RgM_dimensions 9741418
nf_get_invzk 9767394
bnf_get_nf 9865170
mkvec4 10093806
ser_isexactzero 10120284
ell_get_a6 10370962
mkcol 10639630
ZC_hnfrem 10697390
mul_denom 10707615
ell_get_c4 11017965
Fp_addmul 11274552
vectrunc_init 11766044
pr_get_gen 12070918
abgrp_get_cyc 12230770
F2v_clear 12353492
F2x_clear 12353502
ell_get_type 12498840
nbits2nlong 12748544
pol0_F2x 13243770
ell_get_c6 13474423
gmax_shallow 13510199
modpr_get_T 13867200
closure_get_frame 14158129
zeromatcopy 14250037
rowpermute 14704446
Fp_div 15035688
Fp_divu 15130187
mkvec5 15185650
vectrunc_append 15849658
pr_get_e 16161726
ell_get_disc 16815331
matslice 16818246
normalize_frac 17205766
pr_is_inert 17223717
isint1 17584733
Fp_center_i 18020391
cxcompotor 18210815
qfb_disc 18502461
mkvecsmall4 18653054
const_vecsmall 19705815
vecpermute 20546559
Fp_double 20871274
Flx_div_pre 21686174
nf_get_M 21745624
RgM_shallowcopy 22178953
RgX_is_ZX 22423121
gmulgs 22551910
Fp_inv 23440510
nf_get_r1 23465996
ZV_isscalar 23674864
get_Flx_mod 25594556
pr_get_f 26442575
RgX_equal_var 26883007
shallowcopy 27630952
mkqfb 27930389
zerovec 28453483
modpr_get_pr 31236731
Fp_neg 31479183
hash_str_len 31544807
submulii 31982591
RgV_is_ZV 32158277
mkmat2 33655303
RgC_gtofp 34029694
const_vec 34477826
zero_zv 36731955
polx_Flx 37483139
lincombii 38218568
znstar_get_N 38655073
mkfrac 41635886
zeropol 42353865
powii 43130387
is_vec_t 43948366
closure_is_variadic 44790332
absfrac 46638771
guncloneNULL 47923581
pr_get_tau 49767461
mkmat22 50283249
ell_is_inf 52328499
QV_isscalar 54415602
pol1_Flx 55050971
zero_Flv 59669842
addmuliu_inplace 59706439
submuliu_inplace 60196279
F2x_copy 60440567
gtodouble 60778740
is_real_t 62062466
qfb_is_qfi 62320780
Fp_sqr 63557441
get_Flx_var 68347588
Fp_mulu 68699191
mkvec 71145970
nf_get_degree 71369383
Fp_center 77159460
vecsmallpermute 78688985
rowslice 79293401
sqrtr 80369045
perm_mul 80884401
Fp_red 82193041
get_Flx_degree 82835159
pol_0 82996576
gtos 85855672
is_noncalc_t 85871500
cxnorm 91197035
mkcomplex 91605693
pr_get_p 92749594
dbllog2r 92813581
nf_get_pol 98107028
vecsmalltrunc_append 100892425
F2v_set 101403004
cgiv 102676028
RgX_copy 103406613
pol0_Flx 103473534
prec2nbits 103960641
mkvecsmall3 104171256
vecsmall_prefixcmp 108088071
gc_all 109637266
F2x_renormalize 115270593
mkvec3 119554431
zerocol 122327676
gaddgs 123248600
both_odd 124197767
F2x_set 124756833
nchar2nlong 127387320
mkvecsmall 131631820
equalim1 139505385
bit_prec 143235821
FpX_renormalize 144203346
ZX_renormalize 154960422
mkcol2 156890536
nbrows 157456802
leading_coeff 170257919
Flx_copy 173155461
Fp_add 181106047
mkvec2 185331170
nbits2prec 186109789
vecsmalltrunc_init 190064006
Fp_mul 200804116
Fp_sub 202551084
mkvecsmall2 234817356
gtofp 254304041
gc_GEN 255513435
gmulgu 282059385
lg_increase 317345184
closure_get_data 321535004
closure_get_oper 321560822
closure_codestr 321585966
is_universal_constant 325873088
lgcols 351580338
closure_arity 371425706
is_scalar_t 375656539
bin_copy 496048939
pari_free 509441364
is_bigint 563362505
leafcopy_avma 577113252
vecslice 655741285
is_matvec_t 659517946
F2v_coeff 661317843
F2x_coeff 667895468
pari_malloc 745345611
pari_stack_new 924945644
GENbinbase 961882706
pari_stack_alloc 1019635576
pari_stack_base 1025122963
gc_leaf 1138648136
equali1 1174324737
nbits2extraprec 1457847535
gc_upto 1953466090
odd 2089064522
is_pm1 2205756014
lgpol 2689375665
isintzero 2843379861
bit_accuracy 3159572048
gc_INT 4111165483
prec2lg 4467750029
is_const_t 4897413713
degpol 5497414868
remsBIL 8000082882
icopy_avma 8039767527
divsBIL 8090798875
isonstack 8273907204
is_recursive_t 9234129287

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