Code coverage tests

This page documents the degree to which the PARI/GP source code is tested by our public test suite, distributed with the source distribution in directory src/test/. This is measured by the gcov utility; we then process gcov output using the lcov frond-end.

We test a few variants depending on Configure flags on the pari.math.u-bordeaux.fr machine (x86_64 architecture), and agregate them in the final report:

The target is to exceed 90% coverage for all mathematical modules (given that branches depending on DEBUGLEVEL or DEBUGMEM are not covered). This script is run to produce the results below.

LCOV - code coverage report
Current view: top level - basemath - arith1.c (source / functions) Hit Total Coverage
Test: PARI/GP v2.18.1 lcov report (development 30613-2b070936c6) Lines: 2080 2301 90.4 %
Date: 2026-01-15 09:21:54 Functions: 218 233 93.6 %
Legend: Lines: hit not hit

Function Name Sort by function name Hit count Sort by hit count
ECP_psi 837
Fl_2gener_pre 188768
Fl_2gener_pre_i 65849
Fl_2powu 4358328
Fl_2powu_pre 12890558
Fl_lgener_pre_all 147107
Fl_log 132361
Fl_log_Fp 0
Fl_log_naive 132361
Fl_log_naive_pre 29072
Fl_log_pre 29470
Fl_order 546538
Fl_powers 296050
Fl_powers_pre 13038206
Fl_powu 141400418
Fl_powu_pre 166084909
Fl_sqrt 12404242
Fl_sqrt_i 12526161
Fl_sqrt_pre 23315720
Fl_sqrt_pre_i 35914455
Fl_sqrtl 0
Fl_sqrtl_pre 229981
Fl_sqrtl_raw 232942
Fl_sqrtn 233410
Fl_sqrtn_pre 233410
FpV_prod 497
Fp_2gener 3222
Fp_2gener_all 5909
Fp_2gener_i 19392
Fp_easylog 8819481
Fp_factored_order 70
Fp_gausssum 351
Fp_invgen 6096162
Fp_invmBarrett 14036
Fp_log 4259575
Fp_log_find_ind 126
Fp_log_find_rel 126
Fp_log_halfgcd 56869
Fp_log_index 63
Fp_log_sieve 63
Fp_log_sieve_worker 30239
Fp_log_use_index 5039790
Fp_order 136405
Fp_pow 37752591
Fp_pow_init 105
Fp_pow_table 43694
Fp_powers 5931
Fp_pows 1346205
Fp_powu 1754390
Fp_rem_mBarrett 8296561
Fp_rootsof1 820
Fp_select_red 869527
Fp_sqrt 4844141
Fp_sqrt_i 4897851
Fp_sqrt_ii 75163
Fp_sqrtn 173541
Fp_sqrts 18947
Qsfcont 3137414
ZMV_producttree 0
ZM_nv_mod_tree 215587
ZM_nv_mod_tree_t 221044
ZT_sqr 13613170
ZVV_nv_mod_tree 5457
ZV_allpnqn 894831
ZV_chinese 5141
ZV_chinese_center 157115
ZV_chinese_tree 40702572
ZV_chinesetree 2631130
ZV_invdivexact 2631130
ZV_nv_mod_tree 1235057
ZV_producttree 2634991
ZV_sqr 2631133
ZXC_nv_mod_tree 5634
ZXM_nv_mod_tree 491
ZXX_nv_mod_tree 254454
ZX_nv_mod_tree 3100655
Z_ZV_mod 0
Z_ZV_mod_tree 58121445
Z_chinese 2142
Z_chinese_all 268104
Z_chinese_coprime 547149
Z_chinese_post 3072717
Z_chinese_pre 271824
Z_factor_listP 350651
Z_nv_mod 0
Zp_order 70
_Fp_add 1175498
_Fp_equal0 260711
_Fp_inv 34301
_Fp_mul 14228437
_Fp_neg 1086813
_Fp_one 47162
_Fp_pow 28603422
_Fp_rand 160
_Fp_red 889818
_Fp_rmul 575252
_Fp_s 19073
_Fp_sqr 8134253
_computeG 837
_gc_upto 112
_mul2_montred 9358707
_mul2_remii 3510045
_mul2_remiibar 1797854
_mul_montred 6663886
_mul_remii 1468360
_mul_remiibar 717268
_psi 1714
_sqr_montred 63075083
_sqr_remii 23241055
_sqr_remiibar 7579293
addifsmooth1 2163
addifsmooth2 83825
bestappr 105653
bestapprPade 119
bestapprPade0 126
bestappr_Q 2290018
bestappr_RgX 119
bestappr_frac 7
bestappr_real 1270243
bestappr_ser 98
check_kernel 63
checkp 2579927
chinese 5495
chinese1 2415
chinese1_coprime_Z 2460657
chinese1_coprime_Z_aux 2253538
compute_nbgen 63
contfrac0 49
contfracpnqn 266
err_oo 56
err_p 161
err_prec 196
factorial_Fl 56790
factorial_Fp 186
fibo 7
gboundcf 3142391
gc_chinese 980530
gc_empty 42
gcf 126
gcf2 0
gen_chinese 2463072
gener_Zp 259
get_Fp_field 6961
get_PHI 98
gome 5846435
hilbert 62314
hilbertii 140826
icopy_lg 3137064
init_montdata 661605
intmod2polmod 21
is_gener_Fl 1662282
is_gener_Fp 13960
is_gener_expo 4909
istotient 70000
istotient_i 621565
krois 40089
kroiu 27625719
kronecker 12750949
krosi 159682
kross 100335618
kroui 35687
krouodd 195369
krouu 102499766
krouu_s 235267207
lcmii 54521812
lift_intmod 420
lift_padic 210
lucas 56
mod_to_frac 42
mod_to_rfrac 112
mpfact 498570
mphilbertoo 7329
mpprimorial 105
muls_interval 595
mulu_interval 159080
mulu_interval_step 92801
ncV_chinese_center 10333
ncV_chinese_center_tree 5457
ncV_polint_center_tree 1512607
nmV_chinese_center 378525
nmV_chinese_center_tree 0
nmV_chinese_center_tree_seq 120533
nmV_polint_center_tree 378525
nmV_polint_center_tree_seq 120533
nmV_polint_center_tree_worker 973285
nonsquare1_Fl 12029375
nonsquare_Fl 7930
nonsquare_Fp 1458
nxCV_chinese_center 0
nxCV_chinese_center_tree 0
nxCV_polint_center_tree 6585
nxMV_chinese_center 104
nxMV_chinese_center_tree_seq 491
nxMV_polint_center_tree 104
nxMV_polint_center_tree_seq 491
nxMV_polint_center_tree_worker 1225
nxV_chinese_center 429312
nxV_chinese_center_tree 303786
nxV_polint_center_tree 875346
odd_prime_divisors 1812
ome 334061066
opt_param 63
padic2mod 21
pgener_Fl 574875
pgener_Fl_local 1080937
pgener_Fp 44282
pgener_Fp_local 412314
pgener_Zl 205549
pgener_Zp 170793
pnqn 0
polint_chinese 378629
remove2 1812
rootsof1_Fl 215521
rootsof1_Fp 0
rootsof1u_Fp 3033
rt 169813
serPade 49
sersfcont 0
sfcont2 14
sqrt_Cipolla 0
sqrt_Cipolla_msqr 0
sqrt_Cipolla_sqr 0
to_ZX 1889182
tr 59731
u_chinese_coprime 1638836
u_chinese_post 1638856
u_is_gener_expo 544948
u_odd_prime_divisors 463905
u_remove2 463903
znlog 238
znlog_rec 126
znorder 63
znprimroot 329

Generated by: LCOV version 1.16