Code coverage tests

This page documents the degree to which the PARI/GP source code is tested by our public test suite, distributed with the source distribution in directory src/test/. This is measured by the gcov utility; we then process gcov output using the lcov frond-end.

We test a few variants depending on Configure flags on the pari.math.u-bordeaux.fr machine (x86_64 architecture), and agregate them in the final report:

• with GMP kernel
• with GMP kernel using --mt=pthread
• with native kernel, including micro-assembler code
• with native kernel, without micro-assembler
• with native kernel, without micro-assembler, disabling GCC extensions (DISABLE_INLINE)
• with GMP kernel, emulating an x86_32 architecture at Configure time via setarch

The target is to exceed 90% coverage for all mathematical modules (given that branches depending on DEBUGLEVEL or DEBUGMEM are not covered). This script is run to produce the results below.

LCOV - code coverage report

Current view: top level - basemath - arith1.c (source / functions) Hit Total Coverage Test: PARI/GP v2.18.1 lcov report (development 30773-2078653b96) Lines: 2081 2301 90.4 % Date: 2026-03-31 09:27:24 Functions: 218 233 93.6 % Legend: Lines: hit not hit

Function Name	Hit count
ECP_psi	837
Fl_2gener_pre	188803
Fl_2gener_pre_i	65848
Fl_2powu	4989141
Fl_2powu_pre	12893240
Fl_lgener_pre_all	147075
Fl_log	132362
Fl_log_Fp	0
Fl_log_naive	132362
Fl_log_naive_pre	28991
Fl_log_pre	29389
Fl_order	546589
Fl_powers	296050
Fl_powers_pre	13024859
Fl_powu	144588988
Fl_powu_pre	166225689
Fl_sqrt	14770970
Fl_sqrt_i	14893056
Fl_sqrt_pre	23321117
Fl_sqrt_pre_i	38285178
Fl_sqrtl	0
Fl_sqrtl_pre	229900
Fl_sqrtl_raw	232861
Fl_sqrtn	233409
Fl_sqrtn_pre	233409
FpV_prod	497
Fp_2gener	3222
Fp_2gener_all	5909
Fp_2gener_i	19392
Fp_easylog	8819477
Fp_factored_order	70
Fp_gausssum	351
Fp_invgen	6097572
Fp_invmBarrett	14032
Fp_log	4259583
Fp_log_find_ind	126
Fp_log_find_rel	126
Fp_log_halfgcd	56391
Fp_log_index	63
Fp_log_sieve	63
Fp_log_sieve_worker	30256
Fp_log_use_index	5039802
Fp_order	136405
Fp_pow	37753286
Fp_pow_init	105
Fp_pow_table	43694
Fp_powers	5931
Fp_pows	1346266
Fp_powu	1900576
Fp_rem_mBarrett	8294973
Fp_rootsof1	820
Fp_select_red	903608
Fp_sqrt	4844822
Fp_sqrt_i	4898516
Fp_sqrt_ii	75196
Fp_sqrtn	173541
Fp_sqrts	18953
Qsfcont	3137414
ZMV_producttree	0
ZM_nv_mod_tree	215663
ZM_nv_mod_tree_t	221120
ZT_sqr	13618954
ZVV_nv_mod_tree	5457
ZV_allpnqn	894831
ZV_chinese	5141
ZV_chinese_center	156943
ZV_chinese_tree	40829097
ZV_chinesetree	2632972
ZV_invdivexact	2632971
ZV_nv_mod_tree	1236332
ZV_producttree	2636828
ZV_sqr	2632976
ZXC_nv_mod_tree	5634
ZXM_nv_mod_tree	491
ZXX_nv_mod_tree	254550
ZX_nv_mod_tree	3103380
Z_ZV_mod	0
Z_ZV_mod_tree	58211190
Z_chinese	2142
Z_chinese_all	268101
Z_chinese_coprime	546150
Z_chinese_post	3071782
Z_chinese_pre	271820
Z_factor_listP	350651
Z_nv_mod	0
Zp_order	70
_Fp_add	1175565
_Fp_equal0	260724
_Fp_inv	34307
_Fp_mul	14228152
_Fp_neg	1086846
_Fp_one	47162
_Fp_pow	28603310
_Fp_rand	160
_Fp_red	889913
_Fp_rmul	575346
_Fp_s	19075
_Fp_sqr	8134253
_computeG	837
_gc_upto	112
_mul2_montred	9366200
_mul2_remii	3516790
_mul2_remiibar	1797049
_mul_montred	6701978
_mul_remii	1482399
_mul_remiibar	717266
_psi	1714
_sqr_montred	63128429
_sqr_remii	23282957
_sqr_remiibar	7577707
addifsmooth1	2163
addifsmooth2	83825
bestappr	106339
bestapprPade	119
bestapprPade0	126
bestappr_Q	2281793
bestappr_RgX	119
bestappr_frac	7
bestappr_real	1261212
bestappr_ser	98
check_kernel	63
checkp	2681124
chinese	5495
chinese1	2415
chinese1_coprime_Z	2460676
chinese1_coprime_Z_aux	2253538
compute_nbgen	63
contfrac0	49
contfracpnqn	266
err_oo	56
err_p	161
err_prec	196
factorial_Fl	57055
factorial_Fp	186
fibo	7
gboundcf	3142391
gc_chinese	980155
gc_empty	42
gcf	126
gcf2	0
gen_chinese	2463091
gener_Zp	259
get_Fp_field	6963
get_PHI	98
gome	5922074
hilbert	62314
hilbertii	140826
icopy_lg	3137064
init_montdata	694487
intmod2polmod	21
is_gener_Fl	1662511
is_gener_Fp	13948
is_gener_expo	4909
istotient	70000
istotient_i	621565
krois	40089
kroiu	37719552
kronecker	12777545
krosi	159682
kross	100423592
kroui	35675
krouodd	195357
krouu	103351101
krouu_s	246285055
lcmii	54657128
lift_intmod	420
lift_padic	210
lucas	56
mod_to_frac	42
mod_to_rfrac	112
mpfact	500319
mphilbertoo	7329
mpprimorial	105
muls_interval	595
mulu_interval	159073
mulu_interval_step	92763
ncV_chinese_center	10333
ncV_chinese_center_tree	5457
ncV_polint_center_tree	1514843
nmV_chinese_center	378487
nmV_chinese_center_tree	0
nmV_chinese_center_tree_seq	120578
nmV_polint_center_tree	378487
nmV_polint_center_tree_seq	120578
nmV_polint_center_tree_worker	974525
nonsquare1_Fl	13094365
nonsquare_Fl	7935
nonsquare_Fp	1458
nxCV_chinese_center	0
nxCV_chinese_center_tree	0
nxCV_polint_center_tree	6585
nxMV_chinese_center	104
nxMV_chinese_center_tree_seq	491
nxMV_polint_center_tree	104
nxMV_polint_center_tree_seq	491
nxMV_polint_center_tree_worker	1225
nxV_chinese_center	429146
nxV_chinese_center_tree	303855
nxV_polint_center_tree	875403
odd_prime_divisors	1812
ome	347855900
opt_param	63
padic2mod	21
pgener_Fl	575225
pgener_Fl_local	1081289
pgener_Fp	44282
pgener_Fp_local	412310
pgener_Zl	205829
pgener_Zp	171073
pnqn	0
polint_chinese	378591
remove2	1812
rootsof1_Fl	215521
rootsof1_Fp	0
rootsof1u_Fp	3033
rt	169813
serPade	49
sersfcont	0
sfcont2	14
sqrt_Cipolla	0
sqrt_Cipolla_msqr	0
sqrt_Cipolla_sqr	0
to_ZX	1889757
tr	59731
u_chinese_coprime	1640339
u_chinese_post	1640353
u_is_gener_expo	545005
u_odd_prime_divisors	463959
u_remove2	463959
znlog	238
znlog_rec	126
znorder	63
znprimroot	329

Generated by: LCOV version 1.16