Code coverage tests

This page documents the degree to which the PARI/GP source code is tested by our public test suite, distributed with the source distribution in directory src/test/. This is measured by the gcov utility; we then process gcov output using the lcov frond-end.

We test a few variants depending on Configure flags on the pari.math.u-bordeaux.fr machine (x86_64 architecture), and agregate them in the final report:

The target is to exceed 90% coverage for all mathematical modules (given that branches depending on DEBUGLEVEL or DEBUGMEM are not covered). This script is run to produce the results below.

LCOV - code coverage report
Current view: top level - basemath - arith1.c (source / functions) Hit Total Coverage
Test: PARI/GP v2.18.1 lcov report (development 30724-b49b12e983) Lines: 2080 2301 90.4 %
Date: 2026-03-02 09:24:58 Functions: 218 233 93.6 %
Legend: Lines: hit not hit

Function Name Sort by function name Hit count Sort by hit count
ECP_psi 837
Fl_2gener_pre 188802
Fl_2gener_pre_i 65848
Fl_2powu 4978770
Fl_2powu_pre 12891042
Fl_lgener_pre_all 147032
Fl_log 132361
Fl_log_Fp 0
Fl_log_naive 132361
Fl_log_naive_pre 29047
Fl_log_pre 29445
Fl_order 546570
Fl_powers 296050
Fl_powers_pre 13043104
Fl_powu 144988849
Fl_powu_pre 166166980
Fl_sqrt 14733155
Fl_sqrt_i 14854970
Fl_sqrt_pre 23353000
Fl_sqrt_pre_i 38279547
Fl_sqrtl 0
Fl_sqrtl_pre 229985
Fl_sqrtl_raw 232946
Fl_sqrtn 233407
Fl_sqrtn_pre 233407
FpV_prod 497
Fp_2gener 3222
Fp_2gener_all 5909
Fp_2gener_i 19392
Fp_easylog 8819434
Fp_factored_order 70
Fp_gausssum 351
Fp_invgen 6096178
Fp_invmBarrett 14034
Fp_log 4259576
Fp_log_find_ind 126
Fp_log_find_rel 126
Fp_log_halfgcd 56005
Fp_log_index 63
Fp_log_sieve 63
Fp_log_sieve_worker 30258
Fp_log_use_index 5039784
Fp_order 136407
Fp_pow 37753454
Fp_pow_init 105
Fp_pow_table 43694
Fp_powers 5931
Fp_pows 1346172
Fp_powu 1835840
Fp_rem_mBarrett 8296557
Fp_rootsof1 820
Fp_select_red 888132
Fp_sqrt 4844575
Fp_sqrt_i 4898266
Fp_sqrt_ii 75188
Fp_sqrtn 173541
Fp_sqrts 18949
Qsfcont 3137414
ZMV_producttree 0
ZM_nv_mod_tree 215624
ZM_nv_mod_tree_t 221081
ZT_sqr 13609788
ZVV_nv_mod_tree 5457
ZV_allpnqn 894831
ZV_chinese 5141
ZV_chinese_center 156875
ZV_chinese_tree 40930053
ZV_chinesetree 2630138
ZV_invdivexact 2630142
ZV_nv_mod_tree 1236161
ZV_producttree 2633993
ZV_sqr 2630140
ZXC_nv_mod_tree 5634
ZXM_nv_mod_tree 491
ZXX_nv_mod_tree 254485
ZX_nv_mod_tree 3100426
Z_ZV_mod 0
Z_ZV_mod_tree 58202592
Z_chinese 2142
Z_chinese_all 268082
Z_chinese_coprime 546960
Z_chinese_post 3072607
Z_chinese_pre 271804
Z_factor_listP 350651
Z_nv_mod 0
Zp_order 70
_Fp_add 1175498
_Fp_equal0 260711
_Fp_inv 34301
_Fp_mul 14228054
_Fp_neg 1086813
_Fp_one 47162
_Fp_pow 28603057
_Fp_rand 160
_Fp_red 889818
_Fp_rmul 575252
_Fp_s 19073
_Fp_sqr 8134253
_computeG 837
_gc_upto 112
_mul2_montred 9366063
_mul2_remii 3553455
_mul2_remiibar 1797854
_mul_montred 6685395
_mul_remii 1489447
_mul_remiibar 717266
_psi 1714
_sqr_montred 63218157
_sqr_remii 23502340
_sqr_remiibar 7579291
addifsmooth1 2163
addifsmooth2 83825
bestappr 105597
bestapprPade 119
bestapprPade0 126
bestappr_Q 2290531
bestappr_RgX 119
bestappr_frac 7
bestappr_real 1272235
bestappr_ser 98
check_kernel 63
checkp 2682450
chinese 5495
chinese1 2415
chinese1_coprime_Z 2460656
chinese1_coprime_Z_aux 2253538
compute_nbgen 63
contfrac0 49
contfracpnqn 266
err_oo 56
err_p 161
err_prec 196
factorial_Fl 56809
factorial_Fp 186
fibo 7
gboundcf 3142391
gc_chinese 980159
gc_empty 42
gcf 126
gcf2 0
gen_chinese 2463071
gener_Zp 259
get_Fp_field 6961
get_PHI 98
gome 5921619
hilbert 62314
hilbertii 140826
icopy_lg 3137064
init_montdata 679083
intmod2polmod 21
is_gener_Fl 1662332
is_gener_Fp 13951
is_gener_expo 4909
istotient 70000
istotient_i 621565
krois 40089
kroiu 37667541
kronecker 12777117
krosi 159682
kross 100423577
kroui 35678
krouodd 195360
krouu 102585332
krouu_s 245473265
lcmii 54524404
lift_intmod 420
lift_padic 210
lucas 56
mod_to_frac 42
mod_to_rfrac 112
mpfact 498565
mphilbertoo 7329
mpprimorial 105
muls_interval 595
mulu_interval 159078
mulu_interval_step 92788
ncV_chinese_center 10333
ncV_chinese_center_tree 5457
ncV_polint_center_tree 1514861
nmV_chinese_center 378561
nmV_chinese_center_tree 0
nmV_chinese_center_tree_seq 120554
nmV_polint_center_tree 378560
nmV_polint_center_tree_seq 120555
nmV_polint_center_tree_worker 974581
nonsquare1_Fl 13085409
nonsquare_Fl 7930
nonsquare_Fp 1458
nxCV_chinese_center 0
nxCV_chinese_center_tree 0
nxCV_polint_center_tree 6584
nxMV_chinese_center 104
nxMV_chinese_center_tree_seq 491
nxMV_polint_center_tree 104
nxMV_polint_center_tree_seq 491
nxMV_polint_center_tree_worker 1224
nxV_chinese_center 429144
nxV_chinese_center_tree 303811
nxV_polint_center_tree 875367
odd_prime_divisors 1812
ome 347265363
opt_param 63
padic2mod 21
pgener_Fl 575163
pgener_Fl_local 1081233
pgener_Fp 44282
pgener_Fp_local 412325
pgener_Zl 205815
pgener_Zp 171059
pnqn 0
polint_chinese 378665
remove2 1812
rootsof1_Fl 215523
rootsof1_Fp 0
rootsof1u_Fp 3033
rt 169813
serPade 49
sersfcont 0
sfcont2 14
sqrt_Cipolla 0
sqrt_Cipolla_msqr 0
sqrt_Cipolla_sqr 0
to_ZX 1889500
tr 59731
u_chinese_coprime 1638934
u_chinese_post 1638955
u_is_gener_expo 544983
u_odd_prime_divisors 463941
u_remove2 463941
znlog 238
znlog_rec 126
znorder 63
znprimroot 329

Generated by: LCOV version 1.16