Code coverage tests

This page documents the degree to which the PARI/GP source code is tested by our public test suite, distributed with the source distribution in directory src/test/. This is measured by the gcov utility; we then process gcov output using the lcov frond-end.

We test a few variants depending on Configure flags on the pari.math.u-bordeaux.fr machine (x86_64 architecture), and agregate them in the final report:

The target is to exceed 90% coverage for all mathematical modules (given that branches depending on DEBUGLEVEL or DEBUGMEM are not covered). This script is run to produce the results below.

LCOV - code coverage report
Current view: top level - language - init.c (source / functions) Hit Total Coverage
Test: PARI/GP v2.18.1 lcov report (development 30584-b9873745ba) Lines: 1144 1487 76.9 %
Date: 2025-12-22 09:21:19 Functions: 135 162 83.3 %
Legend: Lines: hit not hit

          Line data    Source code
       1             : /* Copyright (C) 2000-2003  The PARI group.
       2             : 
       3             : This file is part of the PARI/GP package.
       4             : 
       5             : PARI/GP is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
       6             : terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
       7             : Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later
       8             : version. It is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
       9             : ANY WARRANTY WHATSOEVER.
      10             : 
      11             : Check the License for details. You should have received a copy of it, along
      12             : with the package; see the file 'COPYING'. If not, write to the Free Software
      13             : Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA. */
      14             : 
      15             : /*******************************************************************/
      16             : /*                                                                 */
      17             : /*        INITIALIZING THE SYSTEM, ERRORS, STACK MANAGEMENT        */
      18             : /*                                                                 */
      19             : /*******************************************************************/
      20             : /* _GNU_SOURCE is needed before first include to get RUSAGE_THREAD */
      21             : #undef _GNU_SOURCE /* avoid warning */
      22             : #define _GNU_SOURCE
      23             : #include <string.h>
      24             : #if defined(_WIN32) || defined(__CYGWIN32__)
      25             : #  include "../systems/mingw/mingw.h"
      26             : #  include <process.h>
      27             : #endif
      28             : #include "paricfg.h"
      29             : #if defined(STACK_CHECK) && !defined(__EMX__) && !defined(_WIN32)
      30             : #  include <sys/types.h>
      31             : #  include <sys/time.h>
      32             : #  include <sys/resource.h>
      33             : #endif
      34             : #if defined(HAS_WAITPID) && defined(HAS_SETSID)
      35             : #  include <sys/wait.h>
      36             : #endif
      37             : #ifdef HAS_MMAP
      38             : #  include <sys/mman.h>
      39             : #endif
      40             : #if defined(USE_GETTIMEOFDAY) || defined(USE_GETRUSAGE) || defined(USE_TIMES)
      41             : #  include <sys/time.h>
      42             : #endif
      43             : #if defined(USE_GETRUSAGE)
      44             : #  include <sys/resource.h>
      45             : #endif
      46             : #if defined(USE_FTIME) || defined(USE_FTIMEFORWALLTIME)
      47             : #  include <sys/timeb.h>
      48             : #endif
      49             : #if defined(USE_CLOCK_GETTIME) || defined(USE_TIMES)
      50             : #  include <time.h>
      51             : #endif
      52             : #if defined(USE_TIMES)
      53             : #  include <sys/times.h>
      54             : #endif
      55             : #define PARI_INIT
      56             : #include "pari.h"
      57             : #include "paripriv.h"
      58             : #include "anal.h"
      59             : 
      60             : const double LOG10_2 = 0.3010299956639812; /* log_10(2) */
      61             : const double LOG2_10 = 3.321928094887362;  /* log_2(10) */
      62             : 
      63             : GEN gnil, gen_0, gen_1, gen_m1, gen_2, gen_m2, ghalf, err_e_STACK;
      64             : 
      65             : static const ulong readonly_constants[] = {
      66             :   evaltyp(t_INT) | _evallg(2),  /* gen_0 */
      67             :   evallgefint(2),
      68             :   evaltyp(t_INT) | _evallg(2),  /* gnil */
      69             :   evallgefint(2),
      70             :   evaltyp(t_INT) | _evallg(3),  /* gen_1 */
      71             :   evalsigne(1) | evallgefint(3),
      72             :   1,
      73             :   evaltyp(t_INT) | _evallg(3),  /* gen_2 */
      74             :   evalsigne(1) | evallgefint(3),
      75             :   2,
      76             :   evaltyp(t_INT) | _evallg(3),  /* gen_m1 */
      77             :   evalsigne(-1) | evallgefint(3),
      78             :   1,
      79             :   evaltyp(t_INT) | _evallg(3),  /* gen_m2 */
      80             :   evalsigne(-1) | evallgefint(3),
      81             :   2,
      82             :   evaltyp(t_ERROR) | _evallg(2), /* err_e_STACK */
      83             :   e_STACK,
      84             :   evaltyp(t_FRAC) | _evallg(3), /* ghalf */
      85             :   (ulong)(readonly_constants+4),
      86             :   (ulong)(readonly_constants+7)
      87             : };
      88             : THREAD GEN zetazone, bernzone, eulerzone, primetab;
      89             : pari_prime *pari_PRIMES;
      90             : FILE    *pari_outfile, *pari_errfile, *pari_logfile, *pari_infile;
      91             : char    *current_logfile, *current_psfile, *pari_datadir;
      92             : long    gp_colors[c_LAST];
      93             : int     disable_color;
      94             : ulong   DEBUGLEVEL, DEBUGMEM;
      95             : THREAD  long    DEBUGVAR;
      96             : ulong   pari_mt_nbthreads;
      97             : long    precreal;
      98             : ulong   precdl, pari_logstyle;
      99             : gp_data *GP_DATA;
     100             : 
     101             : entree  **varentries;
     102             : THREAD long *varpriority;
     103             : 
     104             : THREAD pari_sp avma;
     105             : THREAD struct pari_mainstack *pari_mainstack;
     106             : 
     107             : static void ** MODULES;
     108             : static pari_stack s_MODULES;
     109             : const long functions_tblsz = 135; /* size of functions_hash */
     110             : entree **functions_hash, **defaults_hash;
     111             : 
     112             : void (*cb_pari_display_hist)(long n);
     113             : char *(*cb_pari_fgets_interactive)(char *s, int n, FILE *f);
     114             : int (*cb_pari_get_line_interactive)(const char*, const char*, filtre_t *F);
     115             : void (*cb_pari_quit)(long);
     116             : void (*cb_pari_init_histfile)(void);
     117             : void (*cb_pari_ask_confirm)(const char *);
     118             : int  (*cb_pari_handle_exception)(long);
     119             : int  (*cb_pari_err_handle)(GEN);
     120             : int  (*cb_pari_whatnow)(PariOUT *out, const char *, int);
     121             : void (*cb_pari_sigint)(void);
     122             : void (*cb_pari_pre_recover)(long);
     123             : void (*cb_pari_err_recover)(long);
     124             : int (*cb_pari_break_loop)(int);
     125             : int (*cb_pari_is_interactive)(void);
     126             : void (*cb_pari_start_output)(void);
     127             : void (*cb_pari_long_help)(const char *s, long num);
     128             : 
     129             : const char * pari_library_path = NULL;
     130             : 
     131             : static THREAD GEN global_err_data;
     132             : THREAD jmp_buf *iferr_env;
     133             : const long CATCH_ALL = -1;
     134             : 
     135             : static void pari_init_timer(void);
     136             : 
     137             : /*********************************************************************/
     138             : /*                                                                   */
     139             : /*                       BLOCKS & CLONES                             */
     140             : /*                                                                   */
     141             : /*********************************************************************/
     142             : /*#define DEBUG*/
     143             : static THREAD long next_block;
     144             : static THREAD GEN cur_block; /* current block in block list */
     145             : static THREAD GEN root_block; /* current block in block list */
     146             : 
     147             : static void
     148      355423 : pari_init_blocks(void)
     149             : {
     150      355423 :   next_block = 0; cur_block = NULL; root_block = NULL;
     151      355423 : }
     152             : 
     153             : static void
     154      349174 : pari_close_blocks(void)
     155             : {
     156     2268110 :   while (cur_block) killblock(cur_block);
     157      353596 : }
     158             : 
     159             : static long
     160 11880261937 : blockheight(GEN bl) { return bl? bl_height(bl): 0; }
     161             : 
     162             : static long
     163  2854309031 : blockbalance(GEN bl)
     164  2854309031 : { return bl ? blockheight(bl_left(bl)) - blockheight(bl_right(bl)): 0; }
     165             : 
     166             : static void
     167  3085879370 : fix_height(GEN bl)
     168  3085879370 : { bl_height(bl) = maxss(blockheight(bl_left(bl)), blockheight(bl_right(bl)))+1; }
     169             : 
     170             : static GEN
     171    60581534 : bl_rotright(GEN y)
     172             : {
     173    60581534 :   GEN x = bl_left(y), t = bl_right(x);
     174    60581534 :   bl_right(x) = y;
     175    60581534 :   bl_left(y)  = t;
     176    60581534 :   fix_height(y);
     177    60581480 :   fix_height(x);
     178    60581409 :   return x;
     179             : }
     180             : 
     181             : static GEN
     182    66243806 : bl_rotleft(GEN x)
     183             : {
     184    66243806 :   GEN y = bl_right(x), t = bl_left(y);
     185    66243806 :   bl_left(y)  = x;
     186    66243806 :   bl_right(x) = t;
     187    66243806 :   fix_height(x);
     188    66244081 :   fix_height(y);
     189    66244097 :   return y;
     190             : }
     191             : 
     192             : static GEN
     193  1730528159 : blockinsert(GEN x, GEN bl, long *d)
     194             : {
     195             :   long b, c;
     196  1730528159 :   if (!bl)
     197             :   {
     198   237981794 :     bl_left(x)=NULL; bl_right(x)=NULL;
     199   237981794 :     bl_height(x)=1; return x;
     200             :   }
     201  1492546365 :   c = cmpuu((ulong)x, (ulong)bl);
     202  1492548421 :   if (c < 0)
     203   598562238 :     bl_left(bl) = blockinsert(x, bl_left(bl), d);
     204   893986183 :   else if (c > 0)
     205   893986183 :     bl_right(bl) = blockinsert(x, bl_right(bl), d);
     206           0 :   else return bl; /* ??? Already exist in the tree ? */
     207  1492532133 :   fix_height(bl);
     208  1492510041 :   b = blockbalance(bl);
     209  1492521682 :   if (b > 1)
     210             :   {
     211    31845222 :     if (*d > 0) bl_left(bl) = bl_rotleft(bl_left(bl));
     212    31845223 :     return bl_rotright(bl);
     213             :   }
     214  1460676460 :   if (b < -1)
     215             :   {
     216    33787054 :     if (*d < 0) bl_right(bl) = bl_rotright(bl_right(bl));
     217    33787055 :     return bl_rotleft(bl);
     218             :   }
     219  1426889406 :   *d = c; return bl;
     220             : }
     221             : 
     222             : static GEN
     223  1577842585 : blockdelete(GEN x, GEN bl)
     224             : {
     225             :   long b;
     226  1577842585 :   if (!bl) return NULL; /* ??? Do not exist in the tree */
     227  1577842585 :   if (x < bl)
     228   565328517 :     bl_left(bl) = blockdelete(x, bl_left(bl));
     229  1012514068 :   else if (x > bl)
     230   721340810 :     bl_right(bl) = blockdelete(x, bl_right(bl));
     231             :   else
     232             :   {
     233   291173258 :     if (!bl_left(bl) && !bl_right(bl)) return NULL;
     234    97956581 :     else if (!bl_left(bl)) return bl_right(bl);
     235    74480519 :     else if (!bl_right(bl)) return bl_left(bl);
     236             :     else
     237             :     {
     238    53192367 :       GEN r = bl_right(bl);
     239    89450460 :       while (bl_left(r)) r = bl_left(r);
     240    53192367 :       bl_right(r) = blockdelete(r, bl_right(bl));
     241    53197376 :       bl_left(r) = bl_left(bl);
     242    53197376 :       bl = r;
     243             :     }
     244             :   }
     245  1339843074 :   fix_height(bl);
     246  1339822056 :   b = blockbalance(bl);
     247  1339821217 :   if (b > 1)
     248             :   {
     249    14942626 :     if (blockbalance(bl_left(bl)) >= 0) return bl_rotright(bl);
     250             :     else
     251     2178174 :     { bl_left(bl) = bl_rotleft(bl_left(bl)); return bl_rotright(bl); }
     252             :   }
     253  1324878591 :   if (b < -1)
     254             :   {
     255     7108516 :     if (blockbalance(bl_right(bl)) <= 0) return bl_rotleft(bl);
     256             :     else
     257     2110484 :     { bl_right(bl) = bl_rotright(bl_right(bl)); return bl_rotleft(bl); }
     258             :   }
     259  1317770075 :   return bl;
     260             : }
     261             : 
     262             : /* If x is a component of a block, return the latter. Else return NULL */
     263             : static GEN
     264   233824646 : is_in_block(GEN x)
     265             : {
     266   233824646 :   GEN bl = root_block;
     267   896618087 :   while (bl)
     268             :   {
     269   893740365 :     if (x >= bl  && x < bl + bl_size(bl)) return bl;
     270   662793441 :     bl = x < bl ? bl_left(bl): bl_right(bl);
     271             :   }
     272     2877722 :   return NULL; /* Unknown address */
     273             : }
     274             : /* If x is a clone, return it. Else if x is a component of a clone, return
     275             :  * the latter. Else return NULL */
     276             : static GEN
     277   772620046 : clonesearch(GEN x)
     278             : {
     279   772620046 :   if (isclone(x)) return x;
     280   598111011 :   if (!isonstack(x) && !is_universal_constant(x))
     281             :   {
     282   232648830 :     x = is_in_block(x);
     283   232596416 :     if (x && isclone(x)) return x;
     284             :   }
     285   368132517 :   return NULL;
     286             : }
     287             : 
     288             : void
     289   386452096 : clone_lock(GEN x)
     290             : {
     291   386452096 :   GEN y = clonesearch(x);
     292   386133409 :   if (y)
     293             :   {
     294   201911181 :     if (DEBUGMEM > 2)
     295           0 :       err_printf("locking block no %ld: %08lx from %08lx\n", bl_num(y), y, x);
     296   201911181 :     ++bl_refc(y);
     297             :   }
     298   386133409 : }
     299             : 
     300             : void
     301   327181273 : clone_unlock(GEN x)
     302             : {
     303   327181273 :   GEN y = clonesearch(x);
     304   327134125 :   if (y)
     305             :   {
     306   150229118 :     if (DEBUGMEM > 2)
     307           0 :       err_printf("unlocking block no %ld: %08lx from %08lx\n", bl_num(y), y, x);
     308   150229118 :     gunclone(y);
     309             :   }
     310   327134125 : }
     311             : 
     312             : void
     313    59317446 : clone_unlock_deep(GEN x)
     314             : {
     315    59317446 :   GEN y = clonesearch(x);
     316    59317446 :   if (y)
     317             :   {
     318    52126948 :     if (DEBUGMEM > 2)
     319           0 :       err_printf("unlocking deep block no %ld: %08lx from %08lx\n", bl_num(y), y, x);
     320    52126948 :     gunclone_deep(y);
     321             :   }
     322    59317446 : }
     323             : 
     324             : /* Return x, where:
     325             :  * x[-8]: AVL height
     326             :  * x[-7]: adress of left child or NULL
     327             :  * x[-6]: adress of right child or NULL
     328             :  * x[-5]: size
     329             :  * x[-4]: reference count
     330             :  * x[-3]: adress of next block
     331             :  * x[-2]: adress of preceding block.
     332             :  * x[-1]: number of allocated blocs.
     333             :  * x[0..n-1]: malloc-ed memory. */
     334             : GEN
     335   237980633 : newblock(size_t n)
     336             : {
     337   237980633 :   long d = 0;
     338             :   long *x;
     339   237980633 :   BLOCK_SIGINT_START
     340   237985637 :   x = (long *) pari_malloc((n + BL_HEAD)*sizeof(long)) + BL_HEAD;
     341             : 
     342   237985741 :   bl_size(x) = n;
     343   237985741 :   bl_refc(x) = 1;
     344   237985741 :   bl_next(x) = NULL;
     345   237985741 :   bl_prev(x) = cur_block;
     346   237985741 :   bl_num(x)  = next_block++;
     347   237985741 :   if (cur_block) bl_next(cur_block) = x;
     348   237985741 :   root_block = blockinsert(x, root_block, &d);
     349   237982430 :   if (DEBUGMEM > 2)
     350           0 :     err_printf("new block, size %6lu (no %ld): %08lx\n", n, next_block-1, x);
     351   237982430 :   cur_block = x;
     352   237982430 :   BLOCK_SIGINT_END
     353   237986667 :   return cur_block;
     354             : }
     355             : 
     356             : GEN
     357       37888 : gcloneref(GEN x)
     358             : {
     359       37888 :   if (isclone(x)) { ++bl_refc(x); return x; }
     360       37370 :   else return gclone(x);
     361             : }
     362             : 
     363             : void
     364           0 : gclone_refc(GEN x) { ++bl_refc(x); }
     365             : 
     366             : void
     367   388200174 : gunclone(GEN x)
     368             : {
     369   388200174 :   if (--bl_refc(x) > 0) return;
     370   237970958 :   BLOCK_SIGINT_START;
     371   237980002 :   root_block = blockdelete(x, root_block);
     372   237959770 :   if (bl_next(x)) bl_prev(bl_next(x)) = bl_prev(x);
     373             :   else
     374             :   {
     375    40806681 :     cur_block = bl_prev(x);
     376    40806681 :     next_block = bl_num(x);
     377             :   }
     378   237959770 :   if (bl_prev(x)) bl_next(bl_prev(x)) = bl_next(x);
     379   237959770 :   if (DEBUGMEM > 2)
     380           0 :     err_printf("killing block (no %ld): %08lx\n", bl_num(x), x);
     381   237959770 :   free((void*)bl_base(x)); /* pari_free not needed: we already block */
     382   237959770 :   BLOCK_SIGINT_END;
     383             : }
     384             : 
     385             : static void
     386   134397388 : vec_gunclone_deep(GEN x)
     387             : {
     388   134397388 :   long i, l = lg(x);
     389  3158391284 :   for (i = 1; i < l; i++) gunclone_deep(gel(x,i));
     390   134397375 : }
     391             : /* Recursively look for clones in the container and kill them. Then kill
     392             :  * container if clone. */
     393             : void
     394  3278612288 : gunclone_deep(GEN x)
     395             : {
     396             :   GEN v;
     397  3278612288 :   if (isclone(x) && bl_refc(x) > 1) { --bl_refc(x); return; }
     398  3226484290 :   BLOCK_SIGINT_START;
     399  3226484290 :   switch(typ(x))
     400             :   {
     401   134396010 :     case t_VEC: case t_COL: case t_MAT:
     402   134396010 :       vec_gunclone_deep(x);
     403   134396007 :       break;
     404        6175 :     case t_LIST:
     405        6175 :       if ((v = list_data(x))) { vec_gunclone_deep(v); gunclone(v); }
     406        6175 :       break;
     407             :   }
     408  3226484287 :   if (isclone(x)) gunclone(x);
     409  3226484143 :   BLOCK_SIGINT_END;
     410             : }
     411             : 
     412             : int
     413      389571 : pop_entree_block(entree *ep, long loc)
     414             : {
     415      389571 :   GEN x = (GEN)ep->value;
     416      389571 :   if (bl_num(x) < loc) return 0; /* older */
     417         462 :   if (DEBUGMEM>2)
     418           0 :     err_printf("popping %s (block no %ld)\n", ep->name, bl_num(x));
     419         462 :   gunclone_deep(x); return 1;
     420             : }
     421             : 
     422             : /***************************************************************************
     423             :  **                                                                       **
     424             :  **                           Export                                      **
     425             :  **                                                                       **
     426             :  ***************************************************************************/
     427             : 
     428             : static hashtable *export_hash;
     429             : static void
     430        1900 : pari_init_export(void)
     431             : {
     432        1900 :   export_hash = hash_create_str(1,0);
     433        1900 : }
     434             : static void
     435        1890 : pari_close_export(void)
     436             : {
     437        1890 :   hash_destroy(export_hash);
     438        1890 : }
     439             : 
     440             : /* Exported values are blocks, but do not have the clone bit set so that they
     441             :  * are not affected by clone_lock and ensure_nb, etc. */
     442             : 
     443             : void
     444          59 : export_add(const char *str, GEN val)
     445             : {
     446             :   hashentry *h;
     447          59 :   val = gclone(val); unsetisclone(val);
     448          59 :   h = hash_search(export_hash, (void*) str);
     449          59 :   if (h)
     450             :   {
     451          21 :     GEN v = (GEN)h->val;
     452          21 :     h->val = val;
     453          21 :     setisclone(v); gunclone(v);
     454             :   }
     455             :   else
     456          38 :     hash_insert(export_hash,(void*)str, (void*) val);
     457          59 : }
     458             : 
     459             : void
     460          24 : export_del(const char *str)
     461             : {
     462          24 :   hashentry *h = hash_remove(export_hash,(void*)str);
     463          24 :   if (h)
     464             :   {
     465          24 :     GEN v = (GEN)h->val;
     466          24 :     setisclone(v); gunclone(v);
     467          24 :     pari_free(h);
     468             :   }
     469          24 : }
     470             : 
     471             : GEN
     472        1500 : export_get(const char *str)
     473             : {
     474        1500 :   return hash_haskey_GEN(export_hash,(void*)str);
     475             : }
     476             : 
     477             : void
     478           6 : unexportall(void)
     479             : {
     480           6 :   pari_sp av = avma;
     481           6 :   GEN keys = hash_keys(export_hash);
     482           6 :   long i, l = lg(keys);
     483          24 :   for (i = 1; i < l; i++) mt_export_del((const char *)keys[i]);
     484           6 :   set_avma(av);
     485           6 : }
     486             : 
     487             : void
     488           6 : exportall(void)
     489             : {
     490             :   long i;
     491         816 :   for (i = 0; i < functions_tblsz; i++)
     492             :   {
     493             :     entree *ep;
     494        9120 :     for (ep = functions_hash[i]; ep; ep = ep->next)
     495        8310 :       if (EpVALENCE(ep)==EpVAR) mt_export_add(ep->name, (GEN)ep->value);
     496             :   }
     497           6 : }
     498             : 
     499             : /*********************************************************************/
     500             : /*                                                                   */
     501             : /*                       C STACK SIZE CONTROL                        */
     502             : /*                                                                   */
     503             : /*********************************************************************/
     504             : /* Avoid core dump on deep recursion. Adapted Perl code by Dominic Dunlop */
     505             : THREAD void *PARI_stack_limit = NULL;
     506             : 
     507             : #ifdef STACK_CHECK
     508             : 
     509             : #  ifdef __EMX__                                /* Emulate */
     510             : void
     511             : pari_stackcheck_init(void *pari_stack_base)
     512             : {
     513             :   if (!pari_stack_base) { PARI_stack_limit = NULL; return; }
     514             :   PARI_stack_limit = get_stack(1./16, 32*1024);
     515             : }
     516             : #  elif _WIN32
     517             : void
     518             : pari_stackcheck_init(void *pari_stack_base)
     519             : {
     520             :   ulong size = 1UL << 21;
     521             :   if (!pari_stack_base) { PARI_stack_limit = NULL; return; }
     522             :   if (size > (ulong)pari_stack_base)
     523             :     PARI_stack_limit = (void*)(((ulong)pari_stack_base) / 16);
     524             :   else
     525             :     PARI_stack_limit = (void*)((ulong)pari_stack_base - (size/16)*15);
     526             : }
     527             : #  else /* !__EMX__ && !_WIN32 */
     528             : /* Set PARI_stack_limit to (a little above) the lowest safe address that can be
     529             :  * used on the stack. Leave PARI_stack_limit at its initial value (NULL) to
     530             :  * show no check should be made [init failed]. Assume stack grows downward. */
     531             : void
     532      357321 : pari_stackcheck_init(void *pari_stack_base)
     533             : {
     534             :   struct rlimit rip;
     535             :   ulong size;
     536      357321 :   if (!pari_stack_base) { PARI_stack_limit = NULL; return; }
     537      357321 :   if (getrlimit(RLIMIT_STACK, &rip)) return;
     538      357330 :   size = rip.rlim_cur;
     539      357330 :   if (size == (ulong)RLIM_INFINITY || size > (ulong)pari_stack_base)
     540           2 :     PARI_stack_limit = (void*)(((ulong)pari_stack_base) / 16);
     541             :   else
     542      357328 :     PARI_stack_limit = (void*)((ulong)pari_stack_base - (size/16)*15);
     543             : }
     544             : #  endif /* !__EMX__ */
     545             : 
     546             : #else
     547             : void
     548             : pari_stackcheck_init(void *pari_stack_base)
     549             : {
     550             :   (void) pari_stack_base; PARI_stack_limit = NULL;
     551             : }
     552             : #endif /* STACK_CHECK */
     553             : 
     554             : /*******************************************************************/
     555             : /*                         HEAP TRAVERSAL                          */
     556             : /*******************************************************************/
     557             : struct getheap_t { long n, l; };
     558             : /* x is a block, not necessarily a clone [x[0] may not be set] */
     559             : static void
     560        6664 : f_getheap(GEN x, void *D)
     561             : {
     562        6664 :   struct getheap_t *T = (struct getheap_t*)D;
     563        6664 :   T->n++;
     564        6664 :   T->l += bl_size(x) + BL_HEAD;
     565        6664 : }
     566             : GEN
     567          84 : getheap(void)
     568             : {
     569          84 :   struct getheap_t T = { 0, 0 };
     570          84 :   traverseheap(&f_getheap, &T); return mkvec2s(T.n, T.l);
     571             : }
     572             : 
     573             : static void
     574       13412 : traverseheap_r(GEN bl, void(*f)(GEN, void *), void *data)
     575             : {
     576       13412 :   if (!bl) return;
     577        6664 :   traverseheap_r(bl_left(bl), f, data);
     578        6664 :   traverseheap_r(bl_right(bl), f, data);
     579        6664 :   f(bl, data);
     580             : }
     581             : 
     582             : void
     583          84 : traverseheap( void(*f)(GEN, void *), void *data)
     584             : {
     585          84 :   traverseheap_r(root_block,f, data);
     586          84 : }
     587             : 
     588             : /*********************************************************************/
     589             : /*                          DAEMON / FORK                            */
     590             : /*********************************************************************/
     591             : #if defined(HAS_WAITPID) && defined(HAS_SETSID)
     592             : /* Properly fork a process, detaching from main process group without creating
     593             :  * zombies on exit. Parent returns 1, son returns 0 */
     594             : int
     595          76 : pari_daemon(void)
     596             : {
     597          76 :   pid_t pid = fork();
     598          76 :   switch(pid) {
     599           0 :       case -1: return 1; /* father, fork failed */
     600           0 :       case 0:
     601           0 :         (void)setsid(); /* son becomes process group leader */
     602           0 :         if (fork()) _exit(0); /* now son exits, also when fork fails */
     603           0 :         break; /* grandson: its father is the son, which exited,
     604             :                 * hence father becomes 'init', that'll take care of it */
     605          76 :       default: /* father, fork succeeded */
     606          76 :         (void)waitpid(pid,NULL,0); /* wait for son to exit, immediate */
     607          76 :         return 1;
     608             :   }
     609             :   /* grandson. The silly '!' avoids a gcc-8 warning (unused value) */
     610           0 :   (void)!freopen("/dev/null","r",stdin);
     611           0 :   return 0;
     612             : }
     613             : #else
     614             : int
     615             : pari_daemon(void)
     616             : {
     617             :   pari_err_IMPL("pari_daemon without waitpid & setsid");
     618             :   return 0;
     619             : }
     620             : #endif
     621             : 
     622             : /*********************************************************************/
     623             : /*                                                                   */
     624             : /*                       SYSTEM INITIALIZATION                       */
     625             : /*                                                                   */
     626             : /*********************************************************************/
     627             : static int try_to_restore = 0;
     628             : THREAD VOLATILE int PARI_SIGINT_block = 0, PARI_SIGINT_pending = 0;
     629             : 
     630             : /*********************************************************************/
     631             : /*                         SIGNAL HANDLERS                           */
     632             : /*********************************************************************/
     633             : static void
     634           0 : dflt_sigint_fun(void) { pari_err(e_MISC, "user interrupt"); }
     635             : 
     636             : #if defined(_WIN32) || defined(__CYGWIN32__)
     637             : int win32ctrlc = 0, win32alrm = 0;
     638             : void
     639             : dowin32ctrlc(void)
     640             : {
     641             :   win32ctrlc = 0;
     642             :   cb_pari_sigint();
     643             : }
     644             : #endif
     645             : 
     646             : static void
     647           0 : pari_handle_SIGINT(void)
     648             : {
     649             : #ifdef _WIN32
     650             :   if (++win32ctrlc >= 5) _exit(3);
     651             : #else
     652           0 :   cb_pari_sigint();
     653             : #endif
     654           0 : }
     655             : 
     656             : typedef void (*pari_sighandler_t)(int);
     657             : 
     658             : pari_sighandler_t
     659       20840 : os_signal(int sig, pari_sighandler_t f)
     660             : {
     661             : #ifdef HAS_SIGACTION
     662             :   struct sigaction sa, oldsa;
     663             : 
     664       20840 :   sa.sa_handler = f;
     665       20840 :   sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);
     666       20840 :   sa.sa_flags = SA_NODEFER;
     667             : 
     668       20840 :   if (sigaction(sig, &sa, &oldsa)) return NULL;
     669       20840 :   return oldsa.sa_handler;
     670             : #else
     671             :   return signal(sig,f);
     672             : #endif
     673             : }
     674             : 
     675             : void
     676           6 : pari_sighandler(int sig)
     677             : {
     678             :   const char *msg;
     679             : #ifndef HAS_SIGACTION
     680             :   /*SYSV reset the signal handler in the handler*/
     681             :   (void)os_signal(sig,pari_sighandler);
     682             : #endif
     683           6 :   switch(sig)
     684             :   {
     685             : #ifdef SIGBREAK
     686             :     case SIGBREAK:
     687             :       if (PARI_SIGINT_block==1)
     688             :       {
     689             :         PARI_SIGINT_pending=SIGBREAK;
     690             :         mt_sigint();
     691             :       }
     692             :       else pari_handle_SIGINT();
     693             :       return;
     694             : #endif
     695             : 
     696             : #ifdef SIGINT
     697           0 :     case SIGINT:
     698           0 :       if (PARI_SIGINT_block==1)
     699             :       {
     700           0 :         PARI_SIGINT_pending=SIGINT;
     701           0 :         mt_sigint();
     702             :       }
     703           0 :       else pari_handle_SIGINT();
     704           0 :       return;
     705             : #endif
     706             : 
     707             : #ifdef SIGSEGV
     708           0 :     case SIGSEGV:
     709           0 :       msg="PARI/GP (Segmentation Fault)"; break;
     710             : #endif
     711             : #ifdef SIGBUS
     712           0 :     case SIGBUS:
     713           0 :       msg="PARI/GP (Bus Error)"; break;
     714             : #endif
     715             : #ifdef SIGFPE
     716           0 :     case SIGFPE:
     717           0 :       msg="PARI/GP (Floating Point Exception)"; break;
     718             : #endif
     719             : 
     720             : #ifdef SIGPIPE
     721           6 :     case SIGPIPE:
     722             :     {
     723           6 :       pariFILE *f = GP_DATA->pp->file;
     724           6 :       if (f && pari_outfile == f->file)
     725             :       {
     726           0 :         GP_DATA->pp->file = NULL; /* to avoid oo recursion on error */
     727           0 :         pari_outfile = stdout; pari_fclose(f);
     728           0 :         pari_err(e_MISC, "Broken Pipe, resetting file stack...");
     729             :       }
     730             :       return; /* LCOV_EXCL_LINE */
     731             :     }
     732             : #endif
     733             : 
     734           0 :     default: msg="signal handling"; break;
     735             :   }
     736           0 :   pari_err_BUG(msg);
     737             : }
     738             : 
     739             : void
     740        3790 : pari_sig_init(void (*f)(int))
     741             : {
     742             : #ifdef SIGBUS
     743        3790 :   (void)os_signal(SIGBUS,f);
     744             : #endif
     745             : #ifdef SIGFPE
     746        3790 :   (void)os_signal(SIGFPE,f);
     747             : #endif
     748             : #ifdef SIGINT
     749        3790 :   (void)os_signal(SIGINT,f);
     750             : #endif
     751             : #ifdef SIGBREAK
     752             :   (void)os_signal(SIGBREAK,f);
     753             : #endif
     754             : #ifdef SIGPIPE
     755        3790 :   (void)os_signal(SIGPIPE,f);
     756             : #endif
     757             : #ifdef SIGSEGV
     758        3790 :   (void)os_signal(SIGSEGV,f);
     759             : #endif
     760        3790 : }
     761             : 
     762             : /*********************************************************************/
     763             : /*                      STACK AND UNIVERSAL CONSTANTS                */
     764             : /*********************************************************************/
     765             : static void
     766        1900 : init_universal_constants(void)
     767             : {
     768        1900 :   gen_0  = (GEN)readonly_constants;
     769        1900 :   gnil   = (GEN)readonly_constants+2;
     770        1900 :   gen_1  = (GEN)readonly_constants+4;
     771        1900 :   gen_2  = (GEN)readonly_constants+7;
     772        1900 :   gen_m1 = (GEN)readonly_constants+10;
     773        1900 :   gen_m2 = (GEN)readonly_constants+13;
     774        1900 :   err_e_STACK = (GEN)readonly_constants+16;
     775        1900 :   ghalf  = (GEN)readonly_constants+18;
     776        1900 : }
     777             : 
     778             : static void
     779      355868 : pari_init_errcatch(void)
     780             : {
     781      355868 :   iferr_env = NULL;
     782      355868 :   global_err_data = NULL;
     783      355868 : }
     784             : 
     785             : void
     786        1928 : setalldebug(long n)
     787             : {
     788        1928 :   long i, l = numberof(pari_DEBUGLEVEL_ptr);
     789      117608 :   for (i = 0; i < l; i++) *pari_DEBUGLEVEL_ptr[i] = n;
     790        1928 : }
     791             : 
     792             : /*********************************************************************/
     793             : /*                           INIT DEFAULTS                           */
     794             : /*********************************************************************/
     795             : void
     796        1900 : pari_init_defaults(void)
     797             : {
     798             :   long i;
     799        1900 :   initout(1);
     800             : 
     801        1900 :   precreal = 128;
     802        1900 :   precdl = 16;
     803        1900 :   DEBUGLEVEL = 0;
     804        1900 :   setalldebug(0);
     805        1900 :   DEBUGMEM = 1;
     806        1900 :   disable_color = 1;
     807        1900 :   pari_logstyle = logstyle_none;
     808             : 
     809        1900 :   current_psfile = pari_strdup("pari.ps");
     810        1900 :   current_logfile= pari_strdup("pari.log");
     811        1900 :   pari_logfile = NULL;
     812             : 
     813        1900 :   pari_datadir = os_getenv("GP_DATA_DIR");
     814        1900 :   if (!pari_datadir)
     815             :   {
     816             : #if defined(_WIN32) || defined(__CYGWIN32__)
     817             :     if (paricfg_datadir[0]=='@' && paricfg_datadir[1]==0)
     818             :       pari_datadir = win32_datadir();
     819             :     else
     820             : #endif
     821        1900 :       pari_datadir = pari_strdup(paricfg_datadir);
     822             :   }
     823           0 :   else pari_datadir= pari_strdup(pari_datadir);
     824       15200 :   for (i=0; i<c_LAST; i++) gp_colors[i] = c_NONE;
     825        1900 : }
     826             : 
     827             : /*********************************************************************/
     828             : /*                   FUNCTION HASHTABLES, MODULES                    */
     829             : /*********************************************************************/
     830             : extern entree functions_basic[], functions_default[];
     831             : static void
     832        1900 : pari_init_functions(void)
     833             : {
     834        1900 :   pari_stack_init(&s_MODULES, sizeof(*MODULES),(void**)&MODULES);
     835        1900 :   pari_stack_pushp(&s_MODULES,functions_basic);
     836        1900 :   functions_hash = (entree**) pari_calloc(sizeof(entree*)*functions_tblsz);
     837        1900 :   pari_fill_hashtable(functions_hash, functions_basic);
     838        1900 :   defaults_hash = (entree**) pari_calloc(sizeof(entree*)*functions_tblsz);
     839        1900 :   pari_add_defaults_module(functions_default);
     840        1900 : }
     841             : 
     842             : void
     843        1890 : pari_add_module(entree *ep)
     844             : {
     845        1890 :   pari_fill_hashtable(functions_hash, ep);
     846        1890 :   pari_stack_pushp(&s_MODULES, ep);
     847        1890 : }
     848             : 
     849             : void
     850        1900 : pari_add_defaults_module(entree *ep)
     851        1900 : { pari_fill_hashtable(defaults_hash, ep); }
     852             : 
     853             : /*********************************************************************/
     854             : /*                       PARI MAIN STACK                             */
     855             : /*********************************************************************/
     856             : 
     857             : #ifdef HAS_MMAP
     858             : #define PARI_STACK_ALIGN (sysconf(_SC_PAGE_SIZE))
     859             : #ifndef MAP_ANONYMOUS
     860             : #define MAP_ANONYMOUS MAP_ANON
     861             : #endif
     862             : #ifndef MAP_NORESERVE
     863             : #define MAP_NORESERVE 0
     864             : #endif
     865             : static void *
     866      355885 : pari_mainstack_malloc(size_t size)
     867             : {
     868             :   void *b;
     869             :   /* Check that the system allows reserving "size" bytes. This is just
     870             :    * a check, we immediately free the memory. */
     871      355885 :   BLOCK_SIGINT_START;
     872      355885 :   b = mmap(NULL, size, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);
     873      355885 :   BLOCK_SIGINT_END;
     874      355885 :   if (b == MAP_FAILED) return NULL;
     875      355885 :   BLOCK_SIGINT_START;
     876      355885 :   munmap(b, size);
     877             : 
     878             :   /* Map again, this time with MAP_NORESERVE. On some operating systems
     879             :    * like Cygwin, this is needed because remapping with PROT_NONE and
     880             :    * MAP_NORESERVE does not work as expected. */
     881      355885 :   b = mmap(NULL, size, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE,
     882             :                        MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS|MAP_NORESERVE, -1, 0);
     883      355885 :   BLOCK_SIGINT_END;
     884      355885 :   if (b == MAP_FAILED) return NULL;
     885      355885 :   return b;
     886             : }
     887             : 
     888             : static void
     889      355875 : pari_mainstack_mfree(void *s, size_t size)
     890             : {
     891      355875 :   BLOCK_SIGINT_START;
     892      355875 :   munmap(s, size);
     893      355875 :   BLOCK_SIGINT_END;
     894      355875 : }
     895             : 
     896             : /* Completely discard the memory mapped between the addresses "from"
     897             :  * and "to" (which must be page-aligned).
     898             :  *
     899             :  * We use mmap() with PROT_NONE, which means that the underlying memory
     900             :  * is freed and that the kernel should not commit memory for it. We
     901             :  * still keep the mapping such that we can change the flags to
     902             :  * PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE later.
     903             :  *
     904             :  * NOTE: remapping with MAP_FIXED and PROT_NONE is not the same as
     905             :  * calling mprotect(..., PROT_NONE) because the latter will keep the
     906             :  * memory committed (this is in particular relevant on Linux with
     907             :  * vm.overcommit = 2). This remains true even when calling
     908             :  * madvise(..., MADV_DONTNEED). */
     909             : static void
     910      476400 : pari_mainstack_mreset(pari_sp from, pari_sp to)
     911             : {
     912      476400 :   size_t s = to - from;
     913             :   void *addr, *res;
     914      476400 :   if (!s) return;
     915             : 
     916          21 :   addr = (void*)from;
     917          21 :   BLOCK_SIGINT_START;
     918          21 :   res = mmap(addr, s, PROT_NONE,
     919             :              MAP_FIXED|MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS|MAP_NORESERVE, -1, 0);
     920          21 :   BLOCK_SIGINT_END;
     921          21 :   if (res != addr) pari_err(e_MEM);
     922             : }
     923             : 
     924             : /* Commit (make available) the virtual memory mapped between the
     925             :  * addresses "from" and "to" (which must be page-aligned).
     926             :  * Return 0 if successful, -1 if failed. */
     927             : static int
     928      476400 : pari_mainstack_mextend(pari_sp from, pari_sp to)
     929             : {
     930      476400 :   size_t s = to - from;
     931             :   int ret;
     932      476400 :   BLOCK_SIGINT_START;
     933      476400 :   ret = mprotect((void*)from, s, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE);
     934      476400 :   BLOCK_SIGINT_END;
     935      476400 :   return ret;
     936             : }
     937             : 
     938             : /* Set actual stack size to the given size. This sets st->size and
     939             :  * st->bot. If not enough system memory is available, this can fail.
     940             :  * Return 1 if successful, 0 if failed (in that case, st->size is not
     941             :  * changed) */
     942             : static int
     943      476400 : pari_mainstack_setsize(struct pari_mainstack *st, size_t size)
     944             : {
     945      476400 :   pari_sp newbot = st->top - size;
     946             :   /* Align newbot to pagesize */
     947      476400 :   pari_sp alignbot = newbot & ~(pari_sp)(PARI_STACK_ALIGN - 1);
     948      476400 :   if (pari_mainstack_mextend(alignbot, st->top))
     949             :   {
     950             :     /* Making the memory available did not work: limit vsize to the
     951             :      * current actual stack size. */
     952           0 :     st->vsize = st->size;
     953           0 :     pari_warn(warnstack, st->vsize);
     954           0 :     return 0;
     955             :   }
     956      476400 :   pari_mainstack_mreset(st->vbot, alignbot);
     957      476400 :   st->bot = newbot;
     958      476400 :   st->size = size;
     959      476400 :   return 1;
     960             : }
     961             : 
     962             : #else
     963             : #define PARI_STACK_ALIGN (0x40UL)
     964             : static void *
     965             : pari_mainstack_malloc(size_t s)
     966             : {
     967             :   char * tmp;
     968             :   BLOCK_SIGINT_START;
     969             :   tmp = malloc(s); /* NOT pari_malloc, e_MEM would be deadly */
     970             :   BLOCK_SIGINT_END;
     971             :   return tmp;
     972             : }
     973             : 
     974             : static void
     975             : pari_mainstack_mfree(void *s, size_t size) { (void) size; pari_free(s); }
     976             : 
     977             : static int
     978             : pari_mainstack_setsize(struct pari_mainstack *st, size_t size)
     979             : {
     980             :   st->bot = st->top - size;
     981             :   st->size = size;
     982             :   return 1;
     983             : }
     984             : 
     985             : #endif
     986             : 
     987             : static const size_t MIN_STACK = 500032UL;
     988             : static size_t
     989      711760 : fix_size(size_t a)
     990             : {
     991      711760 :   size_t ps = PARI_STACK_ALIGN;
     992      711760 :   size_t b = a & ~(ps - 1); /* Align */
     993      711760 :   if (b < a && b < ~(ps - 1)) b += ps;
     994      711760 :   if (b < MIN_STACK) b = MIN_STACK;
     995      711760 :   return b;
     996             : }
     997             : 
     998             : static void
     999      355885 : pari_mainstack_alloc(int numerr, struct pari_mainstack *st, size_t rsize, size_t vsize)
    1000             : {
    1001      355885 :   size_t sizemax = vsize ? vsize: rsize, s = fix_size(sizemax);
    1002             :   for (;;)
    1003             :   {
    1004      355885 :     st->vbot = (pari_sp)pari_mainstack_malloc(s);
    1005      355885 :     if (st->vbot) break;
    1006           0 :     if (s == MIN_STACK) pari_err(e_MEM); /* no way out. Die */
    1007           0 :     s = fix_size(s >> 1);
    1008           0 :     pari_warn(numerr, s);
    1009             :   }
    1010      355885 :   st->vsize = vsize ? s: 0;
    1011      355885 :   st->rsize = minuu(rsize, s);
    1012      355885 :   st->top = st->vbot+s;
    1013      355885 :   if (!pari_mainstack_setsize(st, st->rsize))
    1014             :   {
    1015             :     /* This should never happen since we only decrease the allocated space */
    1016           0 :     pari_err(e_MEM);
    1017             :   }
    1018      355885 :   st->memused = 0;
    1019      355885 : }
    1020             : 
    1021             : static void
    1022      355875 : pari_mainstack_free(struct pari_mainstack *st)
    1023             : {
    1024      355875 :   pari_mainstack_mfree((void*)st->vbot, st->vsize ? st->vsize : fix_size(st->rsize));
    1025      355875 :   st->top = st->bot = st->vbot = 0;
    1026      355875 :   st->size = st->vsize = 0;
    1027      355875 : }
    1028             : 
    1029             : static void
    1030         445 : pari_mainstack_resize(struct pari_mainstack *st, size_t rsize, size_t vsize)
    1031             : {
    1032         445 :   BLOCK_SIGINT_START;
    1033         445 :   pari_mainstack_free(st);
    1034         445 :   pari_mainstack_alloc(warnstack, st, rsize, vsize);
    1035         445 :   BLOCK_SIGINT_END;
    1036         445 : }
    1037             : 
    1038             : static void
    1039      355427 : pari_mainstack_use(struct pari_mainstack *st)
    1040             : {
    1041      355427 :   pari_mainstack = st;
    1042      355427 :   avma = st->top; /* don't use set_avma */
    1043      355427 : }
    1044             : 
    1045             : static void
    1046        1900 : paristack_alloc(size_t rsize, size_t vsize)
    1047             : {
    1048        1900 :   pari_mainstack_alloc(warnstack, pari_mainstack, rsize, vsize);
    1049        1900 :   pari_mainstack_use(pari_mainstack);
    1050        1900 : }
    1051             : 
    1052             : void
    1053           0 : paristack_setsize(size_t rsize, size_t vsize)
    1054             : {
    1055           0 :   pari_mainstack_resize(pari_mainstack, rsize, vsize);
    1056           0 :   pari_mainstack_use(pari_mainstack);
    1057           0 : }
    1058             : 
    1059             : void
    1060           0 : parivstack_resize(ulong newsize)
    1061             : {
    1062             :   size_t s;
    1063           0 :   if (newsize && newsize < pari_mainstack->rsize)
    1064           0 :     pari_err_DIM("stack sizes [parisizemax < parisize]");
    1065           0 :   if (newsize == pari_mainstack->vsize) return;
    1066           0 :   evalstate_reset();
    1067           0 :   paristack_setsize(pari_mainstack->rsize, newsize);
    1068           0 :   s = pari_mainstack->vsize ? pari_mainstack->vsize : pari_mainstack->rsize;
    1069           0 :   if (DEBUGMEM)
    1070           0 :     pari_warn(warner,"new maximum stack size = %lu (%.3f Mbytes)",
    1071             :               s, s/1048576.);
    1072           0 :   pari_init_errcatch();
    1073           0 :   cb_pari_err_recover(-1);
    1074             : }
    1075             : 
    1076             : void
    1077         452 : paristack_newrsize(ulong newsize)
    1078             : {
    1079         452 :   size_t s, vsize = pari_mainstack->vsize;
    1080         452 :   if (!newsize) newsize = pari_mainstack->rsize << 1;
    1081         452 :   if (newsize != pari_mainstack->rsize)
    1082         445 :     pari_mainstack_resize(pari_mainstack, newsize, vsize);
    1083         452 :   evalstate_reset();
    1084         452 :   s = pari_mainstack->rsize;
    1085         452 :   if (DEBUGMEM)
    1086         452 :     pari_warn(warner,"new stack size = %lu (%.3f Mbytes)", s, s/1048576.);
    1087         452 :   pari_init_errcatch();
    1088         452 :   cb_pari_err_recover(-1);
    1089           0 : }
    1090             : 
    1091             : void
    1092           0 : paristack_resize(ulong newsize)
    1093             : {
    1094           0 :   long size = pari_mainstack->size;
    1095           0 :   if (!newsize)
    1096           0 :     newsize = 2 * size;
    1097           0 :   newsize = minuu(newsize, pari_mainstack->vsize);
    1098           0 :   if (newsize <= pari_mainstack->size) return;
    1099           0 :   if (pari_mainstack_setsize(pari_mainstack, newsize))
    1100             :   {
    1101           0 :     if (DEBUGMEM)
    1102           0 :       pari_warn(warner, "increasing stack size to %lu", pari_mainstack->size);
    1103             :   }
    1104             :   else
    1105             :   {
    1106           0 :     pari_mainstack_setsize(pari_mainstack, size);
    1107           0 :     pari_err(e_STACK);
    1108             :   }
    1109             : }
    1110             : 
    1111             : void
    1112      120515 : parivstack_reset(void)
    1113             : {
    1114      120515 :   pari_mainstack_setsize(pari_mainstack, pari_mainstack->rsize);
    1115      120515 :   if (avma < pari_mainstack->bot)
    1116           0 :     pari_err_BUG("parivstack_reset [avma < bot]");
    1117      120515 : }
    1118             : 
    1119             : /* Enlarge the stack if needed such that the unused portion of the stack
    1120             :  * (between bot and avma) is large enough to contain x longs. */
    1121             : void
    1122          14 : new_chunk_resize(size_t x)
    1123             : {
    1124          14 :   if (pari_mainstack->vsize==0
    1125          14 :     || x > (avma-pari_mainstack->vbot) / sizeof(long)) pari_err(e_STACK);
    1126           0 :   while (x > (avma-pari_mainstack->bot) / sizeof(long))
    1127           0 :     paristack_resize(0);
    1128           0 : }
    1129             : 
    1130             : /*********************************************************************/
    1131             : /*                       PARI THREAD                                 */
    1132             : /*********************************************************************/
    1133             : 
    1134             : /* Initial PARI thread structure t with a stack of size s and
    1135             :  * argument arg */
    1136             : 
    1137             : static void
    1138      353493 : pari_thread_set_global(struct pari_global_state *gs)
    1139             : {
    1140      353493 :   setdebugvar(gs->debugvar);
    1141      353489 :   push_localbitprec(gs->bitprec);
    1142      353510 :   pari_set_primetab(gs->primetab);
    1143      353493 :   pari_set_seadata(gs->seadata);
    1144      353492 :   pari_set_varstate(gs->varpriority, &gs->varstate);
    1145      351262 : }
    1146             : 
    1147             : static void
    1148      353540 : pari_thread_get_global(struct pari_global_state *gs)
    1149             : {
    1150      353540 :   gs->debugvar = getdebugvar();
    1151      353540 :   gs->bitprec = get_localbitprec();
    1152      353540 :   gs->primetab = primetab;
    1153      353540 :   gs->seadata = pari_get_seadata();
    1154      353540 :   varstate_save(&gs->varstate);
    1155      353540 :   gs->varpriority = varpriority;
    1156      353540 : }
    1157             : 
    1158             : void
    1159      353540 : pari_thread_alloc(struct pari_thread *t, size_t s, GEN arg)
    1160             : {
    1161      353540 :   pari_mainstack_alloc(warnstackthread, &t->st,s,0);
    1162      353540 :   pari_thread_get_global(&t->gs);
    1163      353540 :   t->data = arg;
    1164      353540 : }
    1165             : 
    1166             : /* Initial PARI thread structure t with a stack of size s and virtual size v
    1167             :  * and argument arg */
    1168             : 
    1169             : void
    1170           0 : pari_thread_valloc(struct pari_thread *t, size_t s, size_t v, GEN arg)
    1171             : {
    1172           0 :   pari_mainstack_alloc(warnstackthread, &t->st,s,v);
    1173           0 :   pari_thread_get_global(&t->gs);
    1174           0 :   t->data = arg;
    1175           0 : }
    1176             : 
    1177             : void
    1178      353540 : pari_thread_free(struct pari_thread *t)
    1179             : {
    1180      353540 :   pari_mainstack_free(&t->st);
    1181      353540 : }
    1182             : 
    1183             : void
    1184      355424 : pari_thread_init(void)
    1185             : {
    1186             :   long var;
    1187      355424 :   pari_stackcheck_init((void*)&var);
    1188      355420 :   pari_init_blocks();
    1189      355416 :   pari_init_errcatch();
    1190      355412 :   pari_init_rand();
    1191      355414 :   pari_init_floats();
    1192      355417 :   pari_init_hgm();
    1193      355414 :   pari_init_parser();
    1194      355426 :   pari_init_compiler();
    1195      355409 :   pari_init_evaluator();
    1196      355398 :   pari_init_files();
    1197      355398 :   pari_init_ellcondfile();
    1198      355394 : }
    1199             : 
    1200             : void
    1201      354247 : pari_thread_close(void)
    1202             : {
    1203      354247 :   pari_thread_close_files();
    1204      350765 :   pari_close_evaluator();
    1205      353915 :   pari_close_compiler();
    1206      349173 :   pari_close_parser();
    1207      353487 :   pari_close_floats();
    1208      350032 :   pari_close_hgm();
    1209      349068 :   pari_close_blocks();
    1210      353342 : }
    1211             : 
    1212             : GEN
    1213      353529 : pari_thread_start(struct pari_thread *t)
    1214             : {
    1215      353529 :   pari_mainstack_use(&t->st);
    1216      353526 :   pari_thread_init();
    1217      353495 :   pari_thread_set_global(&t->gs);
    1218      351356 :   mt_thread_init();
    1219      351318 :   return t->data;
    1220             : }
    1221             : 
    1222             : /*********************************************************************/
    1223             : /*                       LIBPARI INIT / CLOSE                        */
    1224             : /*********************************************************************/
    1225             : 
    1226             : static void
    1227           0 : pari_exit(void)
    1228             : {
    1229           0 :   err_printf("  ***   Error in the PARI system. End of program.\n");
    1230           0 :   exit(1);
    1231             : }
    1232             : 
    1233             : static void
    1234           0 : dflt_err_recover(long errnum) { (void) errnum; pari_exit(); }
    1235             : 
    1236             : static void
    1237           0 : dflt_pari_quit(long err) { (void)err; /*do nothing*/; }
    1238             : 
    1239             : /* initialize PARI data. Initialize [new|old]fun to NULL for default set. */
    1240             : void
    1241        1900 : pari_init_opts(size_t parisize, ulong maxprime, ulong init_opts)
    1242             : {
    1243             :   ulong u;
    1244             : 
    1245        1900 :   pari_mt_nbthreads = 0;
    1246        1900 :   cb_pari_quit = dflt_pari_quit;
    1247        1900 :   cb_pari_init_histfile = NULL;
    1248        1900 :   cb_pari_get_line_interactive = NULL;
    1249        1900 :   cb_pari_fgets_interactive = NULL;
    1250        1900 :   cb_pari_whatnow = NULL;
    1251        1900 :   cb_pari_handle_exception = NULL;
    1252        1900 :   cb_pari_err_handle = pari_err_display;
    1253        1900 :   cb_pari_pre_recover = NULL;
    1254        1900 :   cb_pari_break_loop = NULL;
    1255        1900 :   cb_pari_is_interactive = NULL;
    1256        1900 :   cb_pari_start_output = NULL;
    1257        1900 :   cb_pari_sigint = dflt_sigint_fun;
    1258        1900 :   cb_pari_long_help = NULL;
    1259        1900 :   if (init_opts&INIT_JMPm) cb_pari_err_recover = dflt_err_recover;
    1260             : 
    1261        1900 :   pari_stackcheck_init(&u);
    1262        1900 :   pari_init_homedir();
    1263        1900 :   if (init_opts&INIT_DFTm) {
    1264           0 :     pari_init_defaults();
    1265           0 :     GP_DATA = default_gp_data();
    1266           0 :     pari_init_paths();
    1267             :   }
    1268             : 
    1269        1900 :   pari_mainstack = (struct pari_mainstack *) malloc(sizeof(*pari_mainstack));
    1270        1900 :   paristack_alloc(parisize, 0);
    1271        1900 :   init_universal_constants();
    1272        1900 :   pari_PRIMES = NULL;
    1273        1900 :   if (!(init_opts&INIT_noPRIMEm))
    1274           0 :     pari_init_primes(maxprime, GP_DATA->factorlimit);
    1275        1900 :   if (!(init_opts&INIT_noINTGMPm)) pari_kernel_init();
    1276        1900 :   pari_init_graphics();
    1277        1900 :   pari_thread_init();
    1278        1900 :   pari_set_primetab(NULL);
    1279        1900 :   pari_set_seadata(NULL);
    1280        1900 :   pari_init_functions();
    1281        1900 :   pari_init_export();
    1282        1900 :   pari_var_init();
    1283        1900 :   pari_init_timer();
    1284        1900 :   pari_init_buffers();
    1285        1900 :   (void)getabstime();
    1286        1900 :   try_to_restore = 1;
    1287        1900 :   if (!(init_opts&INIT_noIMTm)) pari_mt_init();
    1288        1900 :   if ((init_opts&INIT_SIGm)) pari_sig_init(pari_sighandler);
    1289        1900 : }
    1290             : 
    1291             : void
    1292           0 : pari_init(size_t parisize, ulong maxprime)
    1293           0 : { pari_init_opts(parisize, maxprime, INIT_JMPm | INIT_SIGm | INIT_DFTm); }
    1294             : 
    1295             : void
    1296        1890 : pari_close_opts(ulong init_opts)
    1297             : {
    1298             :   long i;
    1299             : 
    1300        1890 :   BLOCK_SIGINT_START;
    1301        1890 :   if ((init_opts&INIT_SIGm)) pari_sig_init(SIG_DFL);
    1302        1890 :   if (!(init_opts&INIT_noIMTm)) pari_mt_close();
    1303             : 
    1304        1890 :   pari_var_close(); /* must come before destruction of functions_hash */
    1305      257040 :   for (i = 0; i < functions_tblsz; i++)
    1306             :   {
    1307      255150 :     entree *ep = functions_hash[i];
    1308     2901376 :     while (ep) {
    1309     2646226 :       entree *EP = ep->next;
    1310     2646226 :       if (!EpSTATIC(ep)) { freeep(ep); free(ep); }
    1311     2646226 :       ep = EP;
    1312             :     }
    1313             :   }
    1314        1890 :   pari_close_mf();
    1315        1890 :   pari_thread_close();
    1316        1890 :   pari_close_export();
    1317        1890 :   pari_close_files();
    1318        1890 :   pari_close_homedir();
    1319        1890 :   if (!(init_opts&INIT_noINTGMPm)) pari_kernel_close();
    1320             : 
    1321        1890 :   free((void*)functions_hash);
    1322        1890 :   free((void*)defaults_hash);
    1323        1890 :   if (pari_PRIMES) pari_close_primes();
    1324        1890 :   free(current_logfile);
    1325        1890 :   free(current_psfile);
    1326        1890 :   pari_mainstack_free(pari_mainstack);
    1327        1890 :   free((void*)pari_mainstack);
    1328        1890 :   pari_stack_delete(&s_MODULES);
    1329        1890 :   if (pari_datadir) free(pari_datadir);
    1330        1890 :   if (init_opts&INIT_DFTm)
    1331             :   { /* delete GP_DATA */
    1332        1890 :     pari_close_paths();
    1333        1890 :     if (GP_DATA->hist->v) free((void*)GP_DATA->hist->v);
    1334        1890 :     if (GP_DATA->pp->cmd) free((void*)GP_DATA->pp->cmd);
    1335        1890 :     if (GP_DATA->help) free((void*)GP_DATA->help);
    1336        1890 :     if (GP_DATA->plothsizes) free((void*)GP_DATA->plothsizes);
    1337        1890 :     if (GP_DATA->colormap) pari_free(GP_DATA->colormap);
    1338        1890 :     if (GP_DATA->graphcolors) pari_free(GP_DATA->graphcolors);
    1339        1890 :     free((void*)GP_DATA->prompt);
    1340        1890 :     free((void*)GP_DATA->prompt_cont);
    1341        1890 :     free((void*)GP_DATA->histfile);
    1342             :   }
    1343        1890 :   BLOCK_SIGINT_END;
    1344        1890 : }
    1345             : 
    1346             : void
    1347        1890 : pari_close(void)
    1348        1890 : { pari_close_opts(INIT_JMPm | INIT_SIGm | INIT_DFTm); }
    1349             : 
    1350             : /*******************************************************************/
    1351             : /*                                                                 */
    1352             : /*                         ERROR RECOVERY                          */
    1353             : /*                                                                 */
    1354             : /*******************************************************************/
    1355             : void
    1356      144845 : gp_context_save(struct gp_context* rec)
    1357             : {
    1358      144845 :   rec->prettyp = GP_DATA->fmt->prettyp;
    1359      144845 :   rec->listloc = next_block;
    1360      144845 :   rec->iferr_env = iferr_env;
    1361      144845 :   rec->err_data  = global_err_data;
    1362      144845 :   varstate_save(&rec->var);
    1363      144845 :   evalstate_save(&rec->eval);
    1364      144845 :   parsestate_save(&rec->parse);
    1365      144845 :   filestate_save(&rec->file);
    1366      144845 : }
    1367             : 
    1368             : void
    1369       13110 : gp_context_restore(struct gp_context* rec)
    1370             : {
    1371             :   long i;
    1372             : 
    1373       13110 :   if (!try_to_restore) return;
    1374             :   /* disable gp_context_restore() and SIGINT */
    1375       13110 :   BLOCK_SIGINT_START
    1376       13110 :   try_to_restore = 0;
    1377       13110 :   if (DEBUGMEM>2) err_printf("entering recover(), loc = %ld\n", rec->listloc);
    1378       13110 :   evalstate_restore(&rec->eval);
    1379       13110 :   parsestate_restore(&rec->parse);
    1380       13110 :   filestate_restore(&rec->file);
    1381       13110 :   global_err_data = rec->err_data;
    1382       13110 :   iferr_env = rec->iferr_env;
    1383       13110 :   GP_DATA->fmt->prettyp = rec->prettyp;
    1384             : 
    1385     1782960 :   for (i = 0; i < functions_tblsz; i++)
    1386             :   {
    1387     1769850 :     entree *ep = functions_hash[i];
    1388    21002919 :     while (ep)
    1389             :     {
    1390    19233069 :       entree *EP = ep->next;
    1391    19233069 :       switch(EpVALENCE(ep))
    1392             :       {
    1393      423908 :         case EpVAR:
    1394      424370 :           while (pop_val_if_newer(ep,rec->listloc)) /* empty */;
    1395      423908 :           break;
    1396      704239 :         case EpNEW: break;
    1397             :       }
    1398    19233069 :       ep = EP;
    1399             :     }
    1400             :   }
    1401       13110 :   varstate_restore(&rec->var);
    1402       13110 :   try_to_restore = 1;
    1403       13110 :   BLOCK_SIGINT_END
    1404       13110 :   if (DEBUGMEM>2) err_printf("leaving recover()\n");
    1405             : }
    1406             : 
    1407             : static void
    1408       13035 : err_recover(long numerr)
    1409             : {
    1410       13035 :   if (cb_pari_pre_recover)
    1411       13035 :     cb_pari_pre_recover(numerr);
    1412           0 :   evalstate_reset();
    1413           0 :   killallfiles();
    1414           0 :   pari_init_errcatch();
    1415           0 :   cb_pari_err_recover(numerr);
    1416           0 : }
    1417             : 
    1418             : static void
    1419       13830 : err_init(void)
    1420             : {
    1421             :   /* make sure pari_err msg starts at the beginning of line */
    1422       13830 :   if (!pari_last_was_newline()) pari_putc('\n');
    1423       13830 :   pariOut->flush();
    1424       13830 :   pariErr->flush();
    1425       13830 :   out_term_color(pariErr, c_ERR);
    1426       13830 : }
    1427             : 
    1428             : static void
    1429       13690 : err_init_msg(int user)
    1430             : {
    1431             :   const char *gp_function_name;
    1432       13690 :   out_puts(pariErr, "  *** ");
    1433       13690 :   if (!user && (gp_function_name = closure_func_err()))
    1434       10005 :     out_printf(pariErr, "%s: ", gp_function_name);
    1435             :   else
    1436        3685 :     out_puts(pariErr, "  ");
    1437       13690 : }
    1438             : 
    1439             : void
    1440         774 : pari_warn(int numerr, ...)
    1441             : {
    1442             :   char *ch1;
    1443             :   va_list ap;
    1444             : 
    1445         774 :   va_start(ap,numerr);
    1446             : 
    1447         774 :   err_init();
    1448         774 :   err_init_msg(numerr==warnuser || numerr==warnstack);
    1449         774 :   switch (numerr)
    1450             :   {
    1451           7 :     case warnuser:
    1452           7 :       out_puts(pariErr, "user warning: ");
    1453           7 :       out_print1(pariErr, NULL, va_arg(ap, GEN), f_RAW);
    1454           7 :       break;
    1455             : 
    1456           0 :     case warnmem:
    1457           0 :       out_puts(pariErr, "collecting garbage in "); ch1=va_arg(ap, char*);
    1458           0 :       out_vprintf(pariErr, ch1,ap); out_putc(pariErr, '.');
    1459           0 :       break;
    1460             : 
    1461         767 :     case warner:
    1462         767 :       out_puts(pariErr, "Warning: "); ch1=va_arg(ap, char*);
    1463         767 :       out_vprintf(pariErr, ch1,ap); out_putc(pariErr, '.');
    1464         767 :       break;
    1465             : 
    1466           0 :     case warnprec:
    1467           0 :       out_vprintf(pariErr, "Warning: increasing prec in %s; new prec = %ld",
    1468             :                       ap);
    1469           0 :       break;
    1470             : 
    1471           0 :     case warnfile:
    1472           0 :       out_puts(pariErr, "Warning: failed to "),
    1473           0 :       ch1 = va_arg(ap, char*);
    1474           0 :       out_printf(pariErr, "%s: %s", ch1, va_arg(ap, char*));
    1475           0 :       break;
    1476             : 
    1477           0 :     case warnstack:
    1478             :     case warnstackthread:
    1479             :     {
    1480           0 :       ulong  s = va_arg(ap, ulong);
    1481             :       char buf[128];
    1482           0 :       const char * stk = numerr == warnstackthread
    1483           0 :                          || mt_is_thread() ? "thread": "PARI";
    1484           0 :       sprintf(buf,"Warning: not enough memory, new %s stack %lu", stk, s);
    1485           0 :       out_puts(pariErr,buf);
    1486           0 :       break;
    1487             :     }
    1488             :   }
    1489         774 :   va_end(ap);
    1490         774 :   out_term_color(pariErr, c_NONE);
    1491         774 :   out_putc(pariErr, '\n');
    1492         774 :   pariErr->flush();
    1493         774 : }
    1494             : void
    1495           0 : pari_sigint(const char *time_s)
    1496             : {
    1497           0 :   int recover=0;
    1498           0 :   BLOCK_SIGALRM_START
    1499           0 :   err_init();
    1500           0 :   mt_break_recover();
    1501           0 :   closure_err(0);
    1502           0 :   err_init_msg(0);
    1503           0 :   out_puts(pariErr, "user interrupt after ");
    1504           0 :   out_puts(pariErr, time_s);
    1505           0 :   out_term_color(pariErr, c_NONE);
    1506           0 :   pariErr->flush();
    1507           0 :   if (cb_pari_handle_exception)
    1508           0 :     recover = cb_pari_handle_exception(-1);
    1509           0 :   if (!recover && !block)
    1510           0 :     PARI_SIGINT_pending = 0;
    1511           0 :   BLOCK_SIGINT_END
    1512           0 :   if (!recover) err_recover(e_MISC);
    1513           0 : }
    1514             : 
    1515             : #define retmkerr2(x,y)\
    1516             :   do { GEN _v = cgetg(3, t_ERROR);\
    1517             :        _v[1] = (x);\
    1518             :        gel(_v,2) = (y); return _v; } while(0)
    1519             : #define retmkerr3(x,y,z)\
    1520             :   do { GEN _v = cgetg(4, t_ERROR);\
    1521             :        _v[1] = (x);\
    1522             :        gel(_v,2) = (y);\
    1523             :        gel(_v,3) = (z); return _v; } while(0)
    1524             : #define retmkerr4(x,y,z,t)\
    1525             :   do { GEN _v = cgetg(5, t_ERROR);\
    1526             :        _v[1] = (x);\
    1527             :        gel(_v,2) = (y);\
    1528             :        gel(_v,3) = (z);\
    1529             :        gel(_v,4) = (t); return _v; } while(0)
    1530             : #define retmkerr5(x,y,z,t,u)\
    1531             :   do { GEN _v = cgetg(6, t_ERROR);\
    1532             :        _v[1] = (x);\
    1533             :        gel(_v,2) = (y);\
    1534             :        gel(_v,3) = (z);\
    1535             :        gel(_v,4) = (t);\
    1536             :        gel(_v,5) = (u); return _v; } while(0)
    1537             : #define retmkerr6(x,y,z,t,u,v)\
    1538             :   do { GEN _v = cgetg(7, t_ERROR);\
    1539             :        _v[1] = (x);\
    1540             :        gel(_v,2) = (y);\
    1541             :        gel(_v,3) = (z);\
    1542             :        gel(_v,4) = (t);\
    1543             :        gel(_v,5) = (u);\
    1544             :        gel(_v,6) = (v); return _v; } while(0)
    1545             : 
    1546             : static GEN
    1547       56788 : pari_err2GEN(long numerr, va_list ap)
    1548             : {
    1549       56788 :   switch ((enum err_list) numerr)
    1550             :   {
    1551         140 :   case e_SYNTAX:
    1552             :     {
    1553         140 :       const char *msg = va_arg(ap, char*);
    1554         140 :       const char *s = va_arg(ap,char *);
    1555         140 :       const char *entry = va_arg(ap,char *);
    1556         140 :       retmkerr3(numerr,strtoGENstr(msg), mkvecsmall2((long)s,(long)entry));
    1557             :     }
    1558         390 :   case e_MISC: case e_ALARM:
    1559             :     {
    1560         390 :       const char *ch1 = va_arg(ap, char*);
    1561         390 :       retmkerr2(numerr, gvsprintf(ch1,ap));
    1562             :     }
    1563        2723 :   case e_NOTFUNC:
    1564             :   case e_USER:
    1565        2723 :     retmkerr2(numerr,va_arg(ap, GEN));
    1566           0 :   case e_FILE:
    1567             :     {
    1568           0 :       const char *f = va_arg(ap, const char*);
    1569           0 :       retmkerr3(numerr, strtoGENstr(f), strtoGENstr(va_arg(ap, char*)));
    1570             :     }
    1571          36 :   case e_FILEDESC:
    1572             :     {
    1573          36 :       const char *f = va_arg(ap, const char*);
    1574          36 :       retmkerr3(numerr, strtoGENstr(f), stoi(va_arg(ap, long)));
    1575             :     }
    1576        1868 :   case e_OVERFLOW:
    1577             :   case e_IMPL:
    1578             :   case e_DIM:
    1579             :   case e_CONSTPOL:
    1580             :   case e_ROOTS0:
    1581             :   case e_FLAG:
    1582             :   case e_PREC:
    1583             :   case e_BUG:
    1584             :   case e_ARCH:
    1585             :   case e_PACKAGE:
    1586        1868 :     retmkerr2(numerr, strtoGENstr(va_arg(ap, char*)));
    1587        1687 :   case e_MODULUS:
    1588             :   case e_VAR:
    1589             :     {
    1590        1687 :       const char *f = va_arg(ap, const char*);
    1591        1687 :       GEN x = va_arg(ap, GEN);
    1592        1687 :       GEN y = va_arg(ap, GEN);
    1593        1687 :       retmkerr4(numerr, strtoGENstr(f), x,y);
    1594             :     }
    1595       42633 :   case e_INV:
    1596             :   case e_IRREDPOL:
    1597             :   case e_PRIME:
    1598             :   case e_SQRTN:
    1599             :   case e_TYPE:
    1600             :     {
    1601       42633 :       const char *f = va_arg(ap, const char*);
    1602       42633 :       GEN x = va_arg(ap, GEN);
    1603       42633 :       retmkerr3(numerr, strtoGENstr(f), x);
    1604             :     }
    1605        3983 :   case e_COPRIME: case e_OP: case e_TYPE2:
    1606             :     {
    1607        3983 :       const char *f = va_arg(ap, const char*);
    1608        3983 :       GEN x = va_arg(ap, GEN);
    1609        3983 :       GEN y = va_arg(ap, GEN);
    1610        3983 :       retmkerr4(numerr,strtoGENstr(f),x,y);
    1611             :     }
    1612         214 :   case e_COMPONENT:
    1613             :     {
    1614         214 :       const char *f= va_arg(ap, const char *);
    1615         214 :       const char *op = va_arg(ap, const char *);
    1616         214 :       GEN l = va_arg(ap, GEN);
    1617         214 :       GEN x = va_arg(ap, GEN);
    1618         214 :       retmkerr5(numerr,strtoGENstr(f),strtoGENstr(op),l,x);
    1619             :     }
    1620        2862 :   case e_DOMAIN:
    1621             :     {
    1622        2862 :       const char *f = va_arg(ap, const char*);
    1623        2862 :       const char *v = va_arg(ap, const char *);
    1624        2862 :       const char *op = va_arg(ap, const char *);
    1625        2862 :       GEN l = va_arg(ap, GEN);
    1626        2862 :       GEN x = va_arg(ap, GEN);
    1627        2862 :       retmkerr6(numerr,strtoGENstr(f),strtoGENstr(v),strtoGENstr(op),l,x);
    1628             :     }
    1629         238 :   case e_PRIORITY:
    1630             :     {
    1631         238 :       const char *f = va_arg(ap, const char*);
    1632         238 :       GEN x = va_arg(ap, GEN);
    1633         238 :       const char *op = va_arg(ap, const char *);
    1634         238 :       long v = va_arg(ap, long);
    1635         238 :       retmkerr5(numerr,strtoGENstr(f),x,strtoGENstr(op),stoi(v));
    1636             :     }
    1637           0 :   case e_MAXPRIME:
    1638           0 :     retmkerr2(numerr, utoi(va_arg(ap, ulong)));
    1639          14 :   case e_STACK:
    1640          14 :     return err_e_STACK;
    1641           0 :   case e_STACKTHREAD:
    1642           0 :     retmkerr3(numerr, utoi(va_arg(ap, ulong)), utoi(va_arg(ap, ulong)));
    1643           0 :   default:
    1644           0 :     return mkerr(numerr);
    1645             :   }
    1646             : }
    1647             : 
    1648             : static char *
    1649        7308 : type_dim(GEN x)
    1650             : {
    1651        7308 :   char *v = stack_malloc(64);
    1652        7308 :   switch(typ(x))
    1653             :   {
    1654         133 :     case t_MAT:
    1655             :     {
    1656         133 :       long l = lg(x), r = (l == 1)? 1: lgcols(x);
    1657         133 :       sprintf(v, "t_MAT (%ld x %ld)", r-1,l-1);
    1658         133 :       break;
    1659             :     }
    1660         133 :     case t_COL:
    1661         133 :       sprintf(v, "t_COL (%ld elts)", lg(x)-1);
    1662         133 :       break;
    1663         252 :     case t_VEC:
    1664         252 :       sprintf(v, "t_VEC (%ld elts)", lg(x)-1);
    1665         252 :       break;
    1666        6790 :     default:
    1667        6790 :       v = (char*)type_name(typ(x));
    1668             :   }
    1669        7308 :   return v;
    1670             : }
    1671             : 
    1672             : static char *
    1673        3689 : gdisplay(GEN x)
    1674             : {
    1675        3689 :   char *s = GENtostr_raw(x);
    1676        3689 :   if (strlen(s) < 1600) return s;
    1677          35 :   if (! GP_DATA->breakloop) return (char*)"(...)";
    1678           0 :   return stack_sprintf("\n  ***  (...) Huge %s omitted; you can access it via dbg_err()", type_name(typ(x)));
    1679             : }
    1680             : 
    1681             : char *
    1682       21834 : pari_err2str(GEN e)
    1683             : {
    1684       21834 :   long numerr = err_get_num(e);
    1685       21834 :   switch ((enum err_list) numerr)
    1686             :   {
    1687           0 :   case e_ALARM:
    1688           0 :     return pari_sprintf("alarm interrupt after %Ps.",gel(e,2));
    1689         378 :   case e_MISC:
    1690         378 :     return pari_sprintf("%Ps.",gel(e,2));
    1691             : 
    1692           0 :   case e_ARCH:
    1693           0 :     return pari_sprintf("sorry, '%Ps' not available on this system.",gel(e,2));
    1694          14 :   case e_BUG:
    1695          14 :     return pari_sprintf("bug in %Ps, please report.",gel(e,2));
    1696          21 :   case e_CONSTPOL:
    1697          21 :     return pari_sprintf("constant polynomial in %Ps.", gel(e,2));
    1698          84 :   case e_COPRIME:
    1699         252 :     return pari_sprintf("elements not coprime in %Ps:\n    %s\n    %s",
    1700          84 :                         gel(e,2), gdisplay(gel(e,3)), gdisplay(gel(e,4)));
    1701         718 :   case e_DIM:
    1702         718 :     return pari_sprintf("inconsistent dimensions in %Ps.", gel(e,2));
    1703           0 :   case e_FILE:
    1704           0 :     return pari_sprintf("error opening %Ps: `%Ps'.", gel(e,2), gel(e,3));
    1705          36 :   case e_FILEDESC:
    1706          36 :     return pari_sprintf("invalid file descriptor in %Ps [%Ps]", gel(e,2), gel(e,3));
    1707          91 :   case e_FLAG:
    1708          91 :     return pari_sprintf("invalid flag in %Ps.", gel(e,2));
    1709         504 :   case e_IMPL:
    1710         504 :     return pari_sprintf("sorry, %Ps is not yet implemented.", gel(e,2));
    1711           0 :   case e_PACKAGE:
    1712           0 :     return pari_sprintf("package %Ps is required, please install it.", gel(e,2));
    1713         644 :   case e_INV:
    1714         644 :     return pari_sprintf("impossible inverse in %Ps: %s.", gel(e,2),
    1715         644 :                         gdisplay(gel(e,3)));
    1716          63 :   case e_IRREDPOL:
    1717         126 :     return pari_sprintf("not an irreducible polynomial in %Ps: %s.",
    1718          63 :                         gel(e,2), gdisplay(gel(e,3)));
    1719           0 :   case e_MAXPRIME:
    1720             :     {
    1721           0 :       const char * msg = "not enough precomputed primes";
    1722           0 :       ulong c = itou(gel(e,2));
    1723           0 :       if (c) return pari_sprintf("%s, need primelimit ~ %lu.",msg, c);
    1724           0 :       else   return pari_strdup(msg);
    1725             :     }
    1726           0 :   case e_MEM:
    1727           0 :     return pari_strdup("not enough memory");
    1728        1316 :   case e_MODULUS:
    1729             :     {
    1730        1316 :       GEN x = gel(e,3), y = gel(e,4);
    1731        1316 :       return pari_sprintf("inconsistent moduli in %Ps: %s != %s",
    1732        1316 :                           gel(e,2), gdisplay(x), gdisplay(y));
    1733             :     }
    1734           0 :   case e_NONE: return NULL;
    1735        2709 :   case e_NOTFUNC:
    1736        2709 :     return pari_strdup("not a function in function call");
    1737        3654 :   case e_OP: case e_TYPE2:
    1738             :     {
    1739        3654 :       pari_sp av = avma;
    1740             :       char *v;
    1741        3654 :       const char *f, *op = GSTR(gel(e,2));
    1742        3654 :       const char *what = numerr == e_OP? "inconsistent": "forbidden";
    1743        3654 :       GEN x = gel(e,3);
    1744        3654 :       GEN y = gel(e,4);
    1745        3654 :       switch(*op)
    1746             :       {
    1747          14 :       case '+': f = "addition"; break;
    1748         175 :       case '*': f = "multiplication"; break;
    1749        2744 :       case '/': case '%': case '\\': f = "division"; break;
    1750           0 :       case '=': op = "-->"; f = "assignment"; break;
    1751         721 :       default:  f = op; op = ","; break;
    1752             :       }
    1753        3654 :       v = pari_sprintf("%s %s %s %s %s.", what,f,type_dim(x),op,type_dim(y));
    1754        3654 :       set_avma(av); return v;
    1755             :     }
    1756         214 :   case e_COMPONENT:
    1757             :     {
    1758         214 :       const char *f= GSTR(gel(e,2));
    1759         214 :       const char *op= GSTR(gel(e,3));
    1760         214 :       GEN l = gel(e,4);
    1761         214 :       if (!*f)
    1762         154 :         return pari_sprintf("nonexistent component: index %s %Ps",op,l);
    1763          60 :       return pari_sprintf("nonexistent component in %s: index %s %Ps",f,op,l);
    1764             :     }
    1765        2752 :   case e_DOMAIN:
    1766             :     {
    1767        2752 :       const char *f = GSTR(gel(e,2));
    1768        2752 :       const char *v = GSTR(gel(e,3));
    1769        2752 :       const char *op= GSTR(gel(e,4));
    1770        2752 :       GEN l = gel(e,5);
    1771        2752 :       if (!*op)
    1772          42 :         return pari_sprintf("domain error in %s: %s out of range",f,v);
    1773        2710 :       return pari_sprintf("domain error in %s: %s %s %Ps",f,v,op,l);
    1774             :     }
    1775         189 :   case e_PRIORITY:
    1776             :     {
    1777         189 :       const char *f = GSTR(gel(e,2));
    1778         189 :       long vx = gvar(gel(e,3));
    1779         189 :       const char *op= GSTR(gel(e,4));
    1780         189 :       long v = itos(gel(e,5));
    1781         189 :       return pari_sprintf("incorrect priority in %s: variable %Ps %s %Ps",f,
    1782             :              pol_x(vx), op, pol_x(v));
    1783             :     }
    1784         161 :   case e_OVERFLOW:
    1785         161 :     return pari_sprintf("overflow in %Ps.", gel(e,2));
    1786         231 :   case e_PREC:
    1787         231 :     return pari_sprintf("precision too low in %Ps.", gel(e,2));
    1788          98 :   case e_PRIME:
    1789         196 :     return pari_sprintf("not a prime number in %Ps: %s.",
    1790          98 :                         gel(e,2), gdisplay(gel(e,3)));
    1791          63 :   case e_ROOTS0:
    1792          63 :     return pari_sprintf("zero polynomial in %Ps.", gel(e,2));
    1793          84 :   case e_SQRTN:
    1794         168 :     return pari_sprintf("not an n-th power residue in %Ps: %s.",
    1795          84 :                         gel(e,2), gdisplay(gel(e,3)));
    1796          14 :   case e_STACK:
    1797             :   case e_STACKTHREAD:
    1798             :   {
    1799          14 :     const char *what = numerr == e_STACK? "PARI": "thread";
    1800          14 :     const char *var = numerr == e_STACK? "parisizemax": "threadsizemax";
    1801          14 :     size_t s = numerr == e_STACK? pari_mainstack->vsize: GP_DATA->threadsizemax;
    1802          14 :     char *hint = (char *) pari_malloc(512*sizeof(char));
    1803          14 :     char *buf = (char *) pari_malloc(512*sizeof(char));
    1804          14 :     if (s)
    1805           0 :       sprintf(hint,"you can increase '%s' using default()", var);
    1806             :     else
    1807             :     {
    1808          14 :       s = (numerr != e_STACK || !GP_DATA->threadsize)? pari_mainstack->rsize
    1809          28 :                                                      : GP_DATA->threadsize;
    1810          14 :       sprintf(hint,"set '%s' to a nonzero value in your GPRC", var);
    1811             :     }
    1812          14 :     sprintf(buf, "the %s stack overflows !\n"
    1813             :                  "  current stack size: %lu (%.3f Mbytes)\n  [hint] %s\n",
    1814          14 :                  what, (ulong)s, (double)s/1048576., hint);
    1815          14 :     return buf;
    1816             :   }
    1817           0 :   case e_SYNTAX:
    1818           0 :     return pari_strdup(GSTR(gel(e,2)));
    1819        7411 :   case e_TYPE:
    1820       14822 :     return pari_sprintf("incorrect type in %Ps (%s).",
    1821        7411 :                         gel(e,2), type_name(typ(gel(e,3))));
    1822          14 :   case e_USER:
    1823          14 :     return pari_sprint0("user error: ", gel(e,2), f_RAW);
    1824         371 :   case e_VAR:
    1825             :     {
    1826         371 :       GEN x = gel(e,3), y = gel(e,4);
    1827        1113 :       return pari_sprintf("inconsistent variables in %Ps, %Ps != %Ps.",
    1828         371 :                           gel(e,2), pol_x(varn(x)), pol_x(varn(y)));
    1829             :     }
    1830             :   }
    1831             :   return NULL; /*LCOV_EXCL_LINE*/
    1832             : }
    1833             : 
    1834             : int
    1835       13056 : pari_err_display(GEN err)
    1836             : {
    1837       13056 :   long numerr=err_get_num(err);
    1838       13056 :   err_init();
    1839       13056 :   if (numerr==e_SYNTAX)
    1840             :   {
    1841         140 :     const char *msg = GSTR(gel(err,2));
    1842         140 :     const char *s     = (const char *) gmael(err,3,1);
    1843         140 :     const char *entry = (const char *) gmael(err,3,2);
    1844         140 :     print_errcontext(pariErr, msg, s, entry);
    1845             :   }
    1846             :   else
    1847             :   {
    1848             :     char *s;
    1849       12916 :     closure_err(0);
    1850       12916 :     err_init_msg(numerr==e_USER);
    1851       12916 :     s = pari_err2str(err); pariErr->puts(s); pari_free(s);
    1852       12916 :     if (numerr==e_NOTFUNC)
    1853             :     {
    1854        2709 :       GEN fun = gel(err,2);
    1855        2709 :       if (gequalX(fun))
    1856             :       {
    1857        2709 :         entree *ep = varentries[varn(fun)];
    1858        2709 :         const char *t = ep->name;
    1859        2709 :         if (cb_pari_whatnow) cb_pari_whatnow(pariErr,t,1);
    1860             :       }
    1861             :     }
    1862             :   }
    1863       13042 :   out_term_color(pariErr, c_NONE);
    1864       13042 :   pariErr->flush(); return 0;
    1865             : }
    1866             : 
    1867             : void
    1868       56800 : pari_err(int numerr, ...)
    1869             : {
    1870             :   va_list ap;
    1871             :   GEN E;
    1872             : 
    1873       56800 :   va_start(ap,numerr);
    1874             : 
    1875       56800 :   if (numerr)
    1876       56788 :     E = pari_err2GEN(numerr,ap);
    1877             :   else
    1878             :   {
    1879          12 :     E = va_arg(ap,GEN);
    1880          12 :     numerr = err_get_num(E);
    1881             :   }
    1882       56800 :   global_err_data = E;
    1883       56800 :   if (*iferr_env) longjmp(*iferr_env, numerr);
    1884       13067 :   mt_err_recover(numerr);
    1885       13056 :   va_end(ap);
    1886       26098 :   if (cb_pari_err_handle &&
    1887       13056 :       cb_pari_err_handle(E)) return;
    1888       26075 :   if (cb_pari_handle_exception &&
    1889       13040 :       cb_pari_handle_exception(numerr)) return;
    1890       13035 :   err_recover(numerr);
    1891             : }
    1892             : 
    1893             : GEN
    1894       87483 : pari_err_last(void) { return global_err_data; }
    1895             : 
    1896             : const char *
    1897       27109 : numerr_name(long numerr)
    1898             : {
    1899       27109 :   switch ((enum err_list) numerr)
    1900             :   {
    1901           0 :   case e_ALARM:    return "e_ALARM";
    1902           0 :   case e_ARCH:     return "e_ARCH";
    1903           0 :   case e_BUG:      return "e_BUG";
    1904           0 :   case e_COMPONENT: return "e_COMPONENT";
    1905           0 :   case e_CONSTPOL: return "e_CONSTPOL";
    1906           0 :   case e_COPRIME:  return "e_COPRIME";
    1907           0 :   case e_DIM:      return "e_DIM";
    1908          56 :   case e_DOMAIN:   return "e_DOMAIN";
    1909           0 :   case e_FILE:     return "e_FILE";
    1910           0 :   case e_FILEDESC: return "e_FILEDESC";
    1911           7 :   case e_FLAG:     return "e_FLAG";
    1912          49 :   case e_IMPL:     return "e_IMPL";
    1913       19101 :   case e_INV:      return "e_INV";
    1914           0 :   case e_IRREDPOL: return "e_IRREDPOL";
    1915           0 :   case e_MAXPRIME: return "e_MAXPRIME";
    1916           0 :   case e_MEM:      return "e_MEM";
    1917           0 :   case e_MISC:     return "e_MISC";
    1918           0 :   case e_MODULUS:  return "e_MODULUS";
    1919           0 :   case e_NONE:     return "e_NONE";
    1920           0 :   case e_NOTFUNC:  return "e_NOTFUNC";
    1921           0 :   case e_OP:       return "e_OP";
    1922           0 :   case e_OVERFLOW: return "e_OVERFLOW";
    1923           0 :   case e_PACKAGE:  return "e_PACKAGE";
    1924           0 :   case e_PREC:     return "e_PREC";
    1925           0 :   case e_PRIME:    return "e_PRIME";
    1926          49 :   case e_PRIORITY: return "e_PRIORITY";
    1927           0 :   case e_ROOTS0:   return "e_ROOTS0";
    1928           0 :   case e_SQRTN:    return "e_SQRTN";
    1929           0 :   case e_STACK:    return "e_STACK";
    1930           0 :   case e_SYNTAX:   return "e_SYNTAX";
    1931           0 :   case e_STACKTHREAD:   return "e_STACKTHREAD";
    1932           0 :   case e_TYPE2:    return "e_TYPE2";
    1933        7847 :   case e_TYPE:     return "e_TYPE";
    1934           0 :   case e_USER:     return "e_USER";
    1935           0 :   case e_VAR:      return "e_VAR";
    1936             :   }
    1937           0 :   return "invalid error number";
    1938             : }
    1939             : 
    1940             : long
    1941           0 : name_numerr(const char *s)
    1942             : {
    1943           0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_ALARM"))    return e_ALARM;
    1944           0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_ARCH"))     return e_ARCH;
    1945           0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_BUG"))      return e_BUG;
    1946           0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_COMPONENT")) return e_COMPONENT;
    1947           0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_CONSTPOL")) return e_CONSTPOL;
    1948           0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_COPRIME"))  return e_COPRIME;
    1949           0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_DIM"))      return e_DIM;
    1950           0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_DOMAIN"))   return e_DOMAIN;
    1951           0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_FILE"))     return e_FILE;
    1952           0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_FILEDESC")) return e_FILEDESC;
    1953           0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_FLAG"))     return e_FLAG;
    1954           0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_IMPL"))     return e_IMPL;
    1955           0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_INV"))      return e_INV;
    1956           0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_IRREDPOL")) return e_IRREDPOL;
    1957           0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_MAXPRIME")) return e_MAXPRIME;
    1958           0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_MEM"))      return e_MEM;
    1959           0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_MISC"))     return e_MISC;
    1960           0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_MODULUS"))  return e_MODULUS;
    1961           0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_NONE"))     return e_NONE;
    1962           0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_NOTFUNC"))  return e_NOTFUNC;
    1963           0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_OP"))       return e_OP;
    1964           0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_OVERFLOW")) return e_OVERFLOW;
    1965           0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_PACKAGE"))  return e_PACKAGE;
    1966           0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_PREC"))     return e_PREC;
    1967           0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_PRIME"))    return e_PRIME;
    1968           0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_PRIORITY")) return e_PRIORITY;
    1969           0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_ROOTS0"))   return e_ROOTS0;
    1970           0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_SQRTN"))    return e_SQRTN;
    1971           0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_STACK"))    return e_STACK;
    1972           0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_SYNTAX"))   return e_SYNTAX;
    1973           0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_TYPE"))     return e_TYPE;
    1974           0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_TYPE2"))    return e_TYPE2;
    1975           0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_USER"))     return e_USER;
    1976           0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_VAR"))      return e_VAR;
    1977           0 :   pari_err(e_MISC,"unknown error name");
    1978             :   return -1; /* LCOV_EXCL_LINE */
    1979             : }
    1980             : 
    1981             : GEN
    1982       27109 : errname(GEN err)
    1983             : {
    1984       27109 :   if (typ(err)!=t_ERROR) pari_err_TYPE("errname",err);
    1985       27109 :   return strtoGENstr(numerr_name(err_get_num(err)));
    1986             : }
    1987             : 
    1988             : /*******************************************************************/
    1989             : /*                                                                */
    1990             : /*                       CLONING & COPY                            */
    1991             : /*                  Replicate an existing GEN                      */
    1992             : /*                                                                 */
    1993             : /*******************************************************************/
    1994             : /* lontyp[tx] = 0 (non recursive type) or number of codewords for type tx */
    1995             : const  long lontyp[] = { 0,0,0,1,1,2,1,2,1,1, 2,2,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1, 2,0,0,2,2,1 };
    1996             : 
    1997             : static GEN
    1998        7019 : list_internal_copy(GEN z, long nmax)
    1999             : {
    2000             :   long i, l;
    2001             :   GEN a;
    2002        7019 :   if (!z) return NULL;
    2003        1336 :   l = lg(z);
    2004        1336 :   a = newblock(nmax+1);
    2005       50018 :   for (i = 1; i < l; i++) gel(a,i) = gel(z,i)? gclone(gel(z,i)): gen_0;
    2006        1336 :   a[0] = z[0]; setisclone(a); return a;
    2007             : }
    2008             : 
    2009             : static void
    2010        7019 : listassign(GEN x, GEN y)
    2011             : {
    2012        7019 :   long nmax = list_nmax(x);
    2013        7019 :   GEN L = list_data(x);
    2014        7019 :   if (!nmax && L) nmax = lg(L) + 32; /* not malloc'ed yet */
    2015        7019 :   y[1] = evaltyp(list_typ(x))|evallg(nmax);
    2016        7019 :   list_data(y) = list_internal_copy(L, nmax);
    2017        7019 : }
    2018             : 
    2019             : /* transform a non-malloced list (e.g. from gtolist or gtomap) to a malloced
    2020             :  * list suitable for listput */
    2021             : GEN
    2022           0 : listinit(GEN x)
    2023             : {
    2024           0 :   GEN y = cgetg(3, t_LIST);
    2025           0 :   listassign(x, y); return y;
    2026             : }
    2027             : 
    2028             : /* copy list on the PARI stack */
    2029             : GEN
    2030         730 : listcopy(GEN x)
    2031             : {
    2032         730 :   GEN y = mklist(), L = list_data(x);
    2033         730 :   if (L) list_data(y) = gcopy(L);
    2034         730 :   y[1] = evaltyp(list_typ(x));
    2035         730 :   return y;
    2036             : }
    2037             : 
    2038             : GEN
    2039  4792868523 : gcopy(GEN x)
    2040             : {
    2041  4792868523 :   long tx = typ(x), lx, i;
    2042             :   GEN y;
    2043  4792868523 :   switch(tx)
    2044             :   { /* non recursive types */
    2045  3942463763 :     case t_INT: return signe(x)? icopy(x): gen_0;
    2046   500726234 :     case t_REAL:
    2047             :     case t_STR:
    2048   500726234 :     case t_VECSMALL: return leafcopy(x);
    2049             :     /* one more special case */
    2050         730 :     case t_LIST: return listcopy(x);
    2051             :   }
    2052   349677796 :   y = cgetg_copy(x, &lx);
    2053   503401112 :   for(i = 1; i < lontyp[tx]; i++) y[i] = x[i];
    2054  1439502483 :   for (; i < lx; i++) gel(y,i) = gcopy(gel(x,i));
    2055   350016476 :   return y;
    2056             : }
    2057             : 
    2058             : /* as gcopy, but truncate to the first lx components if recursive type
    2059             :  * [ leaves use their own lg ]. No checks. */
    2060             : GEN
    2061         742 : gcopy_lg(GEN x, long lx)
    2062             : {
    2063         742 :   long tx = typ(x), i;
    2064             :   GEN y;
    2065         742 :   switch(tx)
    2066             :   { /* non recursive types */
    2067           0 :     case t_INT: return signe(x)? icopy(x): gen_0;
    2068           0 :     case t_REAL:
    2069             :     case t_STR:
    2070           0 :     case t_VECSMALL: return leafcopy(x);
    2071             :     /* one more special case */
    2072           0 :     case t_LIST: return listcopy(x);
    2073             :   }
    2074         742 :   y = cgetg(lx, tx);
    2075         742 :   for(i = 1; i < lontyp[tx]; i++) y[i] = x[i];
    2076        2051 :   for (; i<lx; i++) gel(y,i) = gcopy(gel(x,i));
    2077         742 :   return y;
    2078             : }
    2079             : 
    2080             : /* cf cgetg_copy: "allocate" (by updating first codeword only) for subsequent
    2081             :  * copy of x, as if avma = *AVMA */
    2082             : INLINE GEN
    2083  1052571910 : cgetg_copy_avma(GEN x, long *plx, pari_sp *AVMA) {
    2084             :   GEN z;
    2085  1052571910 :   *plx = lg(x);
    2086  1052571910 :   z = ((GEN)*AVMA) - *plx;
    2087  1052571910 :   z[0] = x[0] & (TYPBITS|LGBITS);
    2088  1052571910 :   *AVMA = (pari_sp)z; return z;
    2089             : }
    2090             : INLINE GEN
    2091         620 : cgetlist_avma(pari_sp *AVMA)
    2092             : {
    2093         620 :   GEN y = ((GEN)*AVMA) - 3;
    2094         620 :   y[0] = _evallg(3) | evaltyp(t_LIST);
    2095         620 :   *AVMA = (pari_sp)y; return y;
    2096             : }
    2097             : 
    2098             : /* copy x as if avma = *AVMA, update *AVMA */
    2099             : GEN
    2100  3343215172 : gcopy_avma(GEN x, pari_sp *AVMA)
    2101             : {
    2102  3343215172 :   long i, lx, tx = typ(x);
    2103             :   GEN y;
    2104             : 
    2105  3343215172 :   switch(typ(x))
    2106             :   { /* non recursive types */
    2107  3113692170 :     case t_INT:
    2108  3113692170 :       if (lgefint(x) == 2) return gen_0;
    2109  2585497822 :       *AVMA = (pari_sp)icopy_avma(x, *AVMA);
    2110  2585498346 :       return (GEN)*AVMA;
    2111    67588789 :     case t_REAL: case t_STR: case t_VECSMALL:
    2112    67588789 :       *AVMA = (pari_sp)leafcopy_avma(x, *AVMA);
    2113    67574464 :       return (GEN)*AVMA;
    2114             : 
    2115             :     /* one more special case */
    2116         616 :     case t_LIST:
    2117         616 :       y = cgetlist_avma(AVMA);
    2118         616 :       listassign(x, y); return y;
    2119             : 
    2120             :   }
    2121   161933597 :   y = cgetg_copy_avma(x, &lx, AVMA);
    2122   187346979 :   for(i = 1; i < lontyp[tx]; i++) y[i] = x[i];
    2123   766610109 :   for (; i<lx; i++) gel(y,i) = gcopy_avma(gel(x,i), AVMA);
    2124   161973448 :   return y;
    2125             : }
    2126             : 
    2127             : /* [copy_bin/bin_copy:] same as gcopy_avma but use NULL to code an exact 0, and
    2128             :  * make shallow copies of finalized t_LISTs */
    2129             : static GEN
    2130  4024619136 : gcopy_av0(GEN x, pari_sp *AVMA)
    2131             : {
    2132  4024619136 :   long i, lx, tx = typ(x);
    2133             :   GEN y;
    2134             : 
    2135  4024619136 :   switch(tx)
    2136             :   { /* non recursive types */
    2137  2661383460 :     case t_INT:
    2138  2661383460 :       if (!signe(x)) return NULL; /* special marker */
    2139  1754780603 :       *AVMA = (pari_sp)icopy_avma(x, *AVMA);
    2140  1754976483 :       return (GEN)*AVMA;
    2141          49 :     case t_LIST:
    2142          49 :       if (list_data(x) && !list_nmax(x)) break; /* not finalized, need copy */
    2143             :       /* else finalized: shallow copy */
    2144             :     case t_REAL: case t_STR: case t_VECSMALL:
    2145   473340557 :       *AVMA = (pari_sp)leafcopy_avma(x, *AVMA);
    2146   473333967 :       return (GEN)*AVMA;
    2147             :   }
    2148   889895119 :   y = cgetg_copy_avma(x, &lx, AVMA);
    2149   995383256 :   for(i = 1; i < lontyp[tx]; i++) y[i] = x[i];
    2150  4419669629 :   for (; i<lx; i++) gel(y,i) = gcopy_av0(gel(x,i), AVMA);
    2151   890566270 :   return y;
    2152             : }
    2153             : 
    2154             : INLINE GEN
    2155          12 : icopy_avma_canon(GEN x, pari_sp AVMA)
    2156             : {
    2157          12 :   long i, lx = lgefint(x);
    2158          12 :   GEN y = ((GEN)AVMA) - lx;
    2159          12 :   y[0] = evaltyp(t_INT)|_evallg(lx); /* kills isclone */
    2160          12 :   y[1] = x[1]; x = int_MSW(x);
    2161          24 :   for (i=2; i<lx; i++, x = int_precW(x)) y[i] = *x;
    2162          12 :   return y;
    2163             : }
    2164             : 
    2165             : /* [copy_bin_canon:] same as gcopy_av0, but copy integers in
    2166             :  * canonical (native kernel) form and make a full copy of t_LISTs */
    2167             : static GEN
    2168          32 : gcopy_av0_canon(GEN x, pari_sp *AVMA)
    2169             : {
    2170          32 :   long i, lx, tx = typ(x);
    2171             :   GEN y;
    2172             : 
    2173          32 :   switch(tx)
    2174             :   { /* non recursive types */
    2175          20 :     case t_INT:
    2176          20 :       if (!signe(x)) return NULL; /* special marker */
    2177          12 :       *AVMA = (pari_sp)icopy_avma_canon(x, *AVMA);
    2178          12 :       return (GEN)*AVMA;
    2179           0 :     case t_REAL: case t_STR: case t_VECSMALL:
    2180           0 :       *AVMA = (pari_sp)leafcopy_avma(x, *AVMA);
    2181           0 :       return (GEN)*AVMA;
    2182             : 
    2183             :     /* one more special case */
    2184           4 :     case t_LIST:
    2185             :     {
    2186           4 :       long t = list_typ(x);
    2187           4 :       GEN y = cgetlist_avma(AVMA), z = list_data(x);
    2188           4 :       if (z) {
    2189           0 :         list_data(y) = gcopy_av0_canon(z, AVMA);
    2190           0 :         y[1] = evaltyp(t)|_evallg(lg(z)-1);
    2191             :       } else {
    2192           4 :         list_data(y) = NULL;
    2193           4 :         y[1] = evaltyp(t);
    2194             :       }
    2195           4 :       return y;
    2196             :     }
    2197             :   }
    2198           8 :   y = cgetg_copy_avma(x, &lx, AVMA);
    2199          16 :   for(i = 1; i < lontyp[tx]; i++) y[i] = x[i];
    2200          24 :   for (; i<lx; i++) gel(y,i) = gcopy_av0_canon(gel(x,i), AVMA);
    2201           8 :   return y;
    2202             : }
    2203             : 
    2204             : /* [copy_bin/bin_copy:] size (number of words) required for
    2205             :  * gcopy_av0_canon(x) */
    2206             : static long
    2207          32 : taille0_canon(GEN x)
    2208             : {
    2209          32 :   long i,n,lx, tx = typ(x);
    2210          32 :   switch(tx)
    2211             :   { /* non recursive types */
    2212          20 :     case t_INT: return signe(x)? lgefint(x): 0;
    2213           0 :     case t_REAL:
    2214             :     case t_STR:
    2215           0 :     case t_VECSMALL: return lg(x);
    2216             : 
    2217             :     /* one more special case */
    2218           4 :     case t_LIST:
    2219             :     {
    2220           4 :       GEN L = list_data(x);
    2221           4 :       return L? 3 + taille0_canon(L): 3;
    2222             :     }
    2223             :   }
    2224           8 :   n = lx = lg(x);
    2225          24 :   for (i=lontyp[tx]; i<lx; i++) n += taille0_canon(gel(x,i));
    2226           8 :   return n;
    2227             : }
    2228             : 
    2229             : /* [copy_bin/bin_copy:] size (number of words) required for gcopy_av0(x) */
    2230             : static long
    2231  4024686376 : taille0(GEN x)
    2232             : {
    2233  4024686376 :   long i,n,lx, tx = typ(x);
    2234  4024686376 :   switch(tx)
    2235             :   { /* non recursive types */
    2236  2661505777 :     case t_INT:
    2237  2661505777 :       lx = lgefint(x);
    2238  2661505777 :       return lx == 2? 0: lx;
    2239          49 :     case t_LIST:
    2240             :     {
    2241          49 :       GEN L = list_data(x);
    2242          49 :       if (L && !list_nmax(x)) break; /* not finalized, deep copy */
    2243             :     }
    2244             :     /* else finalized: shallow */
    2245             :     case t_REAL:
    2246             :     case t_STR:
    2247             :     case t_VECSMALL:
    2248   473326551 :       return lg(x);
    2249             :   }
    2250   889854048 :   n = lx = lg(x);
    2251  4419098940 :   for (i=lontyp[tx]; i<lx; i++) n += taille0(gel(x,i));
    2252   890153438 :   return n;
    2253             : }
    2254             : 
    2255             : static long
    2256  3435690476 : gsizeclone_i(GEN x)
    2257             : {
    2258  3435690476 :   long i,n,lx, tx = typ(x);
    2259  3435690476 :   switch(tx)
    2260             :   { /* non recursive types */
    2261  3113695901 :     case t_INT: lx = lgefint(x); return lx == 2? 0: lx;;
    2262    84161384 :     case t_REAL:
    2263             :     case t_STR:
    2264    84161384 :     case t_VECSMALL: return lg(x);
    2265             : 
    2266        7019 :     case t_LIST: return 3;
    2267   237826172 :     default:
    2268   237826172 :       n = lx = lg(x);
    2269  3581136608 :       for (i=lontyp[tx]; i<lx; i++) n += gsizeclone_i(gel(x,i));
    2270   237826707 :       return n;
    2271             :   }
    2272             : }
    2273             : 
    2274             : /* #words needed to clone x; t_LIST is a special case since list_data() is
    2275             :  * malloc'ed later, in list_internal_copy() */
    2276             : static long
    2277   237170591 : gsizeclone(GEN x) { return (typ(x) == t_INT)? lgefint(x): gsizeclone_i(x); }
    2278             : 
    2279             : long
    2280     2214450 : gsizeword(GEN x)
    2281             : {
    2282     2214450 :   long i, n, lx, tx = typ(x);
    2283     2214450 :   switch(tx)
    2284             :   { /* non recursive types */
    2285     1676416 :     case t_INT:
    2286             :     case t_REAL:
    2287             :     case t_STR:
    2288     1676416 :     case t_VECSMALL: return lg(x);
    2289             : 
    2290           7 :     case t_LIST:
    2291           7 :       x = list_data(x);
    2292           7 :       return x? 3 + gsizeword(x): 3;
    2293             : 
    2294      538027 :     default:
    2295      538027 :       n = lx = lg(x);
    2296     2752295 :       for (i=lontyp[tx]; i<lx; i++) n += gsizeword(gel(x,i));
    2297      538027 :       return n;
    2298             :   }
    2299             : }
    2300             : long
    2301         175 : gsizebyte(GEN x) { return gsizeword(x) * sizeof(long); }
    2302             : 
    2303             : /* return a clone of x structured as a gcopy */
    2304             : GENbin*
    2305   495689767 : copy_bin(GEN x)
    2306             : {
    2307   495689767 :   long t = taille0(x);
    2308   495780637 :   GENbin *p = (GENbin*)pari_malloc(sizeof(GENbin) + t*sizeof(long));
    2309   495839628 :   pari_sp AVMA = (pari_sp)(GENbinbase(p) + t);
    2310   495821173 :   p->rebase = &shiftaddress;
    2311   495821173 :   p->len = t;
    2312   495821173 :   p->x   = gcopy_av0(x, &AVMA);
    2313   495782306 :   p->base= (GEN)AVMA; return p;
    2314             : }
    2315             : 
    2316             : /* same, writing t_INT in canonical native form */
    2317             : GENbin*
    2318          16 : copy_bin_canon(GEN x)
    2319             : {
    2320          16 :   long t = taille0_canon(x);
    2321          16 :   GENbin *p = (GENbin*)pari_malloc(sizeof(GENbin) + t*sizeof(long));
    2322          16 :   pari_sp AVMA = (pari_sp)(GENbinbase(p) + t);
    2323          16 :   p->rebase = &shiftaddress_canon;
    2324          16 :   p->len = t;
    2325          16 :   p->x   = gcopy_av0_canon(x, &AVMA);
    2326          16 :   p->base= (GEN)AVMA; return p;
    2327             : }
    2328             : 
    2329             : GEN
    2330   237170773 : gclone(GEN x)
    2331             : {
    2332   237170773 :   long i,lx,tx = typ(x), t = gsizeclone(x);
    2333   237170655 :   GEN y = newblock(t);
    2334   237176588 :   switch(tx)
    2335             :   { /* non recursive types */
    2336   144638674 :     case t_INT:
    2337   144638674 :       lx = lgefint(x);
    2338   144638674 :       y[0] = evaltyp(t_INT)|_evallg(lx);
    2339   876729936 :       for (i=1; i<lx; i++) y[i] = x[i];
    2340   144638674 :       break;
    2341    16521609 :     case t_REAL:
    2342             :     case t_STR:
    2343             :     case t_VECSMALL:
    2344    16521609 :       lx = lg(x);
    2345   147525261 :       for (i=0; i<lx; i++) y[i] = x[i];
    2346    16521609 :       break;
    2347             : 
    2348             :     /* one more special case */
    2349        6403 :     case t_LIST:
    2350        6403 :       y[0] = evaltyp(t_LIST)|_evallg(3);
    2351        6403 :       listassign(x, y);
    2352        6403 :       break;
    2353    76009902 :     default: {
    2354    76009902 :       pari_sp AVMA = (pari_sp)(y + t);
    2355    76009902 :       lx = lg(x);
    2356   154675087 :       for(i = 0; i < lontyp[tx]; i++) y[i] = x[i];
    2357  2814610948 :       for (; i<lx; i++) gel(y,i) = gcopy_avma(gel(x,i), &AVMA);
    2358             :     }
    2359             :   }
    2360   237174136 :   setisclone(y); return y;
    2361             : }
    2362             : 
    2363             : void
    2364  3118888727 : shiftaddress(GEN x, long dec)
    2365             : {
    2366  3118888727 :   long i, lx, tx = typ(x);
    2367  3118888727 :   if (is_recursive_t(tx))
    2368             :   {
    2369   890737457 :     if (tx == t_LIST)
    2370             :     {
    2371          49 :       if (!list_data(x) || list_nmax(x)) return; /* empty or finalized */
    2372             :       /* not finalized, update pointers  */
    2373             :     }
    2374   890737415 :     lx = lg(x);
    2375  4420462478 :     for (i=lontyp[tx]; i<lx; i++) {
    2376  3529862965 :       if (!x[i]) gel(x,i) = gen_0;
    2377             :       else
    2378             :       {
    2379  2653429676 :         x[i] += dec;
    2380  2653429676 :         shiftaddress(gel(x,i), dec);
    2381             :       }
    2382             :     }
    2383             :   }
    2384             : }
    2385             : 
    2386             : void
    2387          24 : shiftaddress_canon(GEN x, long dec)
    2388             : {
    2389          24 :   long i, lx, tx = typ(x);
    2390          24 :   switch(tx)
    2391             :   { /* non recursive types */
    2392          12 :     case t_INT: {
    2393             :       GEN y;
    2394          12 :       lx = lgefint(x); if (lx <= 3) return;
    2395           0 :       y = x + 2;
    2396           0 :       x = int_MSW(x);  if (x == y) return;
    2397           0 :       while (x > y) { lswap(*x, *y); x = int_precW(x); y++; }
    2398           0 :       break;
    2399             :     }
    2400           0 :     case t_REAL:
    2401             :     case t_STR:
    2402             :     case t_VECSMALL:
    2403           0 :       break;
    2404             : 
    2405             :     /* one more special case */
    2406           4 :     case t_LIST: {
    2407           4 :       GEN Lx = list_data(x);
    2408           4 :       if (Lx) {
    2409           0 :         GEN L = (GEN)((long)Lx+dec);
    2410           0 :         shiftaddress_canon(L, dec);
    2411           0 :         list_data(x) = gcopy(L);
    2412             :       }
    2413           4 :       break;
    2414             :     }
    2415           8 :     default: /* Fall through */
    2416           8 :       lx = lg(x);
    2417          24 :       for (i=lontyp[tx]; i<lx; i++) {
    2418          16 :         if (!x[i]) gel(x,i) = gen_0;
    2419             :         else
    2420             :         {
    2421           8 :           x[i] += dec;
    2422           8 :           shiftaddress_canon(gel(x,i), dec);
    2423             :         }
    2424             :       }
    2425             :   }
    2426             : }
    2427             : 
    2428             : /********************************************************************/
    2429             : /**                                                                **/
    2430             : /**                INSERT DYNAMIC OBJECT IN STRUCTURE              **/
    2431             : /**                                                                **/
    2432             : /********************************************************************/
    2433             : GEN
    2434          42 : obj_reinit(GEN S)
    2435             : {
    2436          42 :   GEN s, T = leafcopy(S);
    2437          42 :   long a = lg(T)-1;
    2438          42 :   s = gel(T,a);
    2439          42 :   gel(T,a) = zerovec(lg(s)-1);
    2440          42 :   return T;
    2441             : }
    2442             : 
    2443             : GEN
    2444     2532727 : obj_init(long d, long n)
    2445             : {
    2446     2532727 :   GEN S = cgetg(d+2, t_VEC);
    2447     2532727 :   gel(S, d+1) = zerovec(n);
    2448     2532727 :   return S;
    2449             : }
    2450             : 
    2451             : GEN
    2452     2661126 : obj_insert(GEN S, long K, GEN O)
    2453             : {
    2454     2661126 :   GEN o, v = veclast(S);
    2455     2661126 :   if (typ(v) != t_VEC) pari_err_TYPE("obj_insert", S);
    2456     2661126 :   O = gclone(O);
    2457     2661126 :   if (!isonstack(v) && !is_universal_constant(v) && !is_in_block(v))
    2458             :   {
    2459           0 :     if (DEBUGLEVEL) pari_warn(warner,"trying to update parent object");
    2460           0 :     return O;
    2461             :   }
    2462     2661126 :   o = gel(v,K); gel(v,K) = O; /* before unclone(o) in case of SIGINT */
    2463     2661126 :   if (isclone(o)) gunclone(o);
    2464     2661126 :   return gel(v,K);
    2465             : }
    2466             : 
    2467             : /* as obj_insert. WITHOUT cloning (for libpari, when creating a *new* obj
    2468             :  * from an existing one) */
    2469             : GEN
    2470      173523 : obj_insert_shallow(GEN S, long K, GEN O)
    2471             : {
    2472      173523 :   GEN v = veclast(S);
    2473      173523 :   if (typ(v) != t_VEC) pari_err_TYPE("obj_insert", S);
    2474      173523 :   gel(v,K) = O; return gel(v,K);
    2475             : }
    2476             : 
    2477             : /* Does S [last position] contain data at position K ? Return it, or NULL */
    2478             : GEN
    2479     6033179 : obj_check(GEN S, long K)
    2480             : {
    2481     6033179 :   GEN O, v = veclast(S);
    2482     6033178 :   if (typ(v) != t_VEC || K >= lg(v)) pari_err_TYPE("obj_check", S);
    2483     6033178 :   O = gel(v,K); return isintzero(O)? NULL: O;
    2484             : }
    2485             : 
    2486             : GEN
    2487     1506909 : obj_checkbuild(GEN S, long tag, GEN (*build)(GEN))
    2488             : {
    2489     1506909 :   GEN O = obj_check(S, tag);
    2490     1506909 :   if (!O)
    2491     1352000 :   { pari_sp av = avma; O = obj_insert(S, tag, build(S)); set_avma(av); }
    2492     1506902 :   return O;
    2493             : }
    2494             : 
    2495             : GEN
    2496      568477 : obj_checkbuild_prec(GEN S, long tag, GEN (*build)(GEN,long),
    2497             :   long (*pr)(GEN), long prec)
    2498             : {
    2499      568477 :   pari_sp av = avma;
    2500      568477 :   GEN w = obj_check(S, tag);
    2501      568477 :   if (!w || pr(w) < prec) w = obj_insert(S, tag, build(S, prec));
    2502      568477 :   set_avma(av); return gcopy(w);
    2503             : }
    2504             : GEN
    2505      399100 : obj_checkbuild_realprec(GEN S, long tag, GEN (*build)(GEN,long), long prec)
    2506      399100 : { return obj_checkbuild_prec(S,tag,build,gprecision,prec); }
    2507             : GEN
    2508         539 : obj_checkbuild_padicprec(GEN S, long tag, GEN (*build)(GEN,long), long prec)
    2509         539 : { return obj_checkbuild_prec(S,tag,build,padicprec_relative,prec); }
    2510             : 
    2511             : /* Reset S [last position], freeing all clones */
    2512             : void
    2513      187243 : obj_free(GEN S)
    2514             : {
    2515      187243 :   GEN v = veclast(S);
    2516             :   long i;
    2517      187243 :   if (typ(v) != t_VEC) pari_err_TYPE("obj_free", S);
    2518     1211644 :   for (i = 1; i < lg(v); i++)
    2519             :   {
    2520     1024401 :     GEN o = gel(v,i);
    2521     1024401 :     gel(v,i) = gen_0;
    2522     1024401 :     gunclone_deep(o);
    2523             :   }
    2524      187243 : }
    2525             : 
    2526             : /*******************************************************************/
    2527             : /*                                                                 */
    2528             : /*                         STACK MANAGEMENT                        */
    2529             : /*                                                                 */
    2530             : /*******************************************************************/
    2531             : INLINE void
    2532  6025842464 : gc_dec(pari_sp *x, pari_sp av0, pari_sp av, pari_sp tetpil, size_t dec)
    2533             : {
    2534  6025842464 :   if (*x < av && *x >= av0)
    2535             :   { /* update address if in stack */
    2536  5105243881 :     if (*x < tetpil) *x += dec;
    2537           0 :     else pari_err_BUG("gc, significant pointers lost");
    2538             :   }
    2539  6025843797 : }
    2540             : 
    2541             : GEN
    2542    27368558 : gc_all_unsafe(pari_sp av, pari_sp tetpil, int n, ...)
    2543             : {
    2544    27368558 :   pari_sp av0 = avma;
    2545    27368558 :   size_t dec = gc_stack_update(av, tetpil);
    2546             :   GEN *pz;
    2547             :   int i;
    2548             :   va_list a;
    2549    27370518 :   if (n <= 0) return NULL;
    2550    27370518 :   va_start(a, n);
    2551    27370518 :   pz = va_arg(a,GEN*);
    2552    27370582 :   gc_dec((pari_sp*)pz, av0,av,tetpil,dec);
    2553    65411118 :   for (i=1; i<n; i++) gc_dec((pari_sp*)va_arg(a,GEN*), av0,av,tetpil,dec);
    2554    27370714 :   va_end(a); return *pz;
    2555             : }
    2556             : 
    2557             : /* Takes a slice g[0..n-1] of GENs. Cleans up the stack between av and
    2558             :  * tetpil, updating those GENs. */
    2559             : void
    2560   327210093 : gc_slice_unsafe(pari_sp av, pari_sp tetpil, GEN g, int n)
    2561             : {
    2562   327210093 :   pari_sp av0 = avma;
    2563   327210093 :   size_t dec = gc_stack_update(av, tetpil);
    2564             :   int i;
    2565   982185467 :   for (i=0; i<n; i++,g++) gc_dec((pari_sp*)g, av0, av, tetpil, dec);
    2566   327399735 : }
    2567             : 
    2568             : static int
    2569           0 : dochk_gc_upto(GEN av, GEN x)
    2570             : {
    2571             :   long i,lx,tx;
    2572           0 :   if (!isonstack(x)) return 1;
    2573           0 :   if (x > av)
    2574             :   {
    2575           0 :     pari_warn(warner,"bad object %Ps",x);
    2576           0 :     return 0;
    2577             :   }
    2578           0 :   tx = typ(x);
    2579           0 :   if (! is_recursive_t(tx)) return 1;
    2580             : 
    2581           0 :   lx = lg(x);
    2582           0 :   for (i=lontyp[tx]; i<lx; i++)
    2583           0 :     if (!dochk_gc_upto(av, gel(x,i)))
    2584             :     {
    2585           0 :       pari_warn(warner,"bad component %ld in object %Ps",i,x);
    2586           0 :       return 0;
    2587             :     }
    2588           0 :   return 1;
    2589             : }
    2590             : /* check that x and all its components are out of stack, or have been
    2591             :  * created after av */
    2592             : int
    2593           0 : chk_gc_upto(GEN x) { return dochk_gc_upto(x, x); }
    2594             : 
    2595             : /* print stack between avma & av */
    2596             : void
    2597           0 : dbg_stack(pari_sp av)
    2598             : {
    2599           0 :   GEN x = (GEN)avma;
    2600           0 :   while (x < (GEN)av)
    2601             :   {
    2602           0 :     const long tx = typ(x), lx = lg(x);
    2603             :     GEN *a;
    2604             : 
    2605           0 :     pari_printf(" [%ld] %Ps:", x - (GEN)avma, x);
    2606           0 :     if (! is_recursive_t(tx)) { pari_putc('\n'); x += lx; continue; }
    2607           0 :     a = (GEN*)x + lontyp[tx]; x += lx;
    2608           0 :     for (  ; a < (GEN*)x; a++)
    2609             :     {
    2610           0 :       if (*a == gen_0)
    2611           0 :         pari_puts("  gen_0");
    2612           0 :       else if (*a == gen_1)
    2613           0 :         pari_puts("  gen_1");
    2614           0 :       else if (*a == gen_m1)
    2615           0 :         pari_puts("  gen_m1");
    2616           0 :       else if (*a == gen_2)
    2617           0 :         pari_puts("  gen_2");
    2618           0 :       else if (*a == gen_m2)
    2619           0 :         pari_puts("  gen_m2");
    2620           0 :       else if (*a == ghalf)
    2621           0 :         pari_puts("  ghalf");
    2622           0 :       else if (isclone(*a))
    2623           0 :         pari_printf("  %Ps (clone)", *a);
    2624             :       else
    2625           0 :         pari_printf("  %Ps [%ld]", *a, *a - (GEN)avma);
    2626           0 :       if (a+1 < (GEN*)x) pari_putc(',');
    2627             :     }
    2628           0 :     pari_printf("\n");
    2629             :   }
    2630           0 : }
    2631             : void
    2632           0 : dbg_gc_upto(GEN q)
    2633             : {
    2634           0 :   err_printf("%Ps:\n", q);
    2635           0 :   dbg_stack((pari_sp) (q+lg(q)));
    2636           0 : }
    2637             : 
    2638             : /* OBSOLETE: kept for backward compatibility */
    2639             : GEN
    2640           0 : gerepile(pari_sp av, pari_sp tetpil, GEN q)
    2641             : {
    2642           0 :   pari_sp av0 = avma, Q = (pari_sp)q;
    2643           0 :   size_t dec = gc_stack_update(av, tetpil);
    2644           0 :   if (Q >= av0 && Q < tetpil) Q += dec;
    2645           0 :   return (GEN)Q;
    2646             : }
    2647             : 
    2648             : size_t
    2649  1235890725 : gc_stack_update(pari_sp av, pari_sp tetpil)
    2650             : {
    2651  1235890725 :   const pari_sp av0 = avma;
    2652  1235890725 :   size_t dec = av - tetpil;
    2653             :   GEN x, a;
    2654             : 
    2655  1235890725 :   if (dec == 0) return 0;
    2656  1015397903 :   if ((long)dec < 0) pari_err(e_MISC,"lbot>ltop in gc");
    2657 31433003616 :   for (x = (GEN)av, a = (GEN)tetpil; a > (GEN)av0; ) *--x = *--a;
    2658  1015802867 :   set_avma((pari_sp)x);
    2659  6878284879 :   while (x < (GEN)av)
    2660             :   {
    2661  5861532697 :     const long tx = typ(x), lx = lg(x);
    2662  5861532697 :     if (! is_recursive_t(tx)) { x += lx; continue; }
    2663  1273977178 :     a = x + lontyp[tx]; x += lx;
    2664  6580316302 :     for (  ; a < x; a++) gc_dec((pari_sp*)a, av0, av, tetpil, dec);
    2665             :   }
    2666  1016752182 :   return dec;
    2667             : }
    2668             : 
    2669             : void
    2670           0 : dbg_fill_stack(void)
    2671             : {
    2672             : #ifdef LONG_IS_64BIT
    2673           0 :   const long JUNK = 0xBADC0FFEE0DDF00D;
    2674             : #else
    2675           0 :   const long JUNK = 0xDEADBEEF;
    2676             : #endif
    2677           0 :   GEN x = ((GEN)pari_mainstack->bot);
    2678           0 :   while (x < (GEN)avma) *x++ = JUNK;
    2679           0 : }
    2680             : 
    2681             : void
    2682           0 : debug_stack(void)
    2683             : {
    2684           0 :   pari_sp top = pari_mainstack->top, bot = pari_mainstack->bot;
    2685             :   GEN z;
    2686           0 :   err_printf("bot=0x%lx\ttop=0x%lx\tavma=0x%lx\n", bot, top, avma);
    2687           0 :   for (z = ((GEN)top)-1; z >= (GEN)avma; z--)
    2688           0 :     err_printf("%p:\t0x%lx\t%lu\n",z,*z,*z);
    2689           0 : }
    2690             : 
    2691             : void
    2692      353492 : setdebugvar(long n) { DEBUGVAR=n; }
    2693             : 
    2694             : long
    2695      353540 : getdebugvar(void) { return DEBUGVAR; }
    2696             : 
    2697             : long
    2698           7 : getstack(void) { return pari_mainstack->top-avma; }
    2699             : 
    2700             : /*******************************************************************/
    2701             : /*                                                                 */
    2702             : /*                               timer_delay                             */
    2703             : /*                                                                 */
    2704             : /*******************************************************************/
    2705             : 
    2706             : #if defined(USE_CLOCK_GETTIME)
    2707             : #if defined(_POSIX_THREAD_CPUTIME)
    2708             : static THREAD clockid_t time_type = CLOCK_THREAD_CPUTIME_ID;
    2709             : #else
    2710             : static const THREAD clockid_t time_type = CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID;
    2711             : #endif
    2712             : static void
    2713             : pari_init_timer(void)
    2714             : {
    2715             : #if defined(_POSIX_THREAD_CPUTIME)
    2716             :   time_type = CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID;
    2717             : #endif
    2718             : }
    2719             : 
    2720             : void
    2721             : timer_start(pari_timer *T)
    2722             : {
    2723             :   struct timespec t;
    2724             :   clock_gettime(time_type,&t);
    2725             :   T->us = t.tv_nsec / 1000;
    2726             :   T->s  = t.tv_sec;
    2727             : }
    2728             : #elif defined(USE_GETRUSAGE)
    2729             : #ifdef RUSAGE_THREAD
    2730             : static THREAD int rusage_type = RUSAGE_THREAD;
    2731             : #else
    2732             : static const THREAD int rusage_type = RUSAGE_SELF;
    2733             : #endif /*RUSAGE_THREAD*/
    2734             : static void
    2735        1900 : pari_init_timer(void)
    2736             : {
    2737             : #ifdef RUSAGE_THREAD
    2738        1900 :   rusage_type = RUSAGE_SELF;
    2739             : #endif
    2740        1900 : }
    2741             : 
    2742             : void
    2743      355977 : timer_start(pari_timer *T)
    2744             : {
    2745             :   struct rusage r;
    2746      355977 :   getrusage(rusage_type,&r);
    2747      355979 :   T->us = r.ru_utime.tv_usec;
    2748      355979 :   T->s  = r.ru_utime.tv_sec;
    2749      355979 : }
    2750             : #elif defined(USE_FTIME)
    2751             : 
    2752             : static void
    2753             : pari_init_timer(void) { }
    2754             : 
    2755             : void
    2756             : timer_start(pari_timer *T)
    2757             : {
    2758             :   struct timeb t;
    2759             :   ftime(&t);
    2760             :   T->us = ((long)t.millitm) * 1000;
    2761             :   T->s  = t.time;
    2762             : }
    2763             : 
    2764             : #else
    2765             : 
    2766             : static void
    2767             : _get_time(pari_timer *T, long Ticks, long TickPerSecond)
    2768             : {
    2769             :   T->us = (long) ((Ticks % TickPerSecond) * (1000000. / TickPerSecond));
    2770             :   T->s  = Ticks / TickPerSecond;
    2771             : }
    2772             : 
    2773             : # ifdef USE_TIMES
    2774             : static void
    2775             : pari_init_timer(void) { }
    2776             : 
    2777             : void
    2778             : timer_start(pari_timer *T)
    2779             : {
    2780             : # ifdef _SC_CLK_TCK
    2781             :   long tck = sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK);
    2782             : # else
    2783             :   long tck = CLK_TCK;
    2784             : # endif
    2785             :   struct tms t; times(&t);
    2786             :   _get_time(T, t.tms_utime, tck);
    2787             : }
    2788             : # elif defined(_WIN32)
    2789             : static void
    2790             : pari_init_timer(void) { }
    2791             : 
    2792             : void
    2793             : timer_start(pari_timer *T)
    2794             : { _get_time(T, win32_timer(), 1000); }
    2795             : # else
    2796             : #  include <time.h>
    2797             : #  ifndef CLOCKS_PER_SEC
    2798             : #   define CLOCKS_PER_SEC 1000000 /* may be false on YOUR system */
    2799             : #  endif
    2800             : static void
    2801             : pari_init_timer(void) { }
    2802             : 
    2803             : void
    2804             : timer_start(pari_timer *T)
    2805             : { _get_time(T, clock(), CLOCKS_PER_SEC); }
    2806             : # endif
    2807             : #endif
    2808             : 
    2809             : /* round microseconds to milliseconds */
    2810             : static long
    2811      219718 : rndus(long x) { return (x + 500) / 1000; }
    2812             : static long
    2813      219710 : timer_aux(pari_timer *T, pari_timer *U, void (*settime)(pari_timer *))
    2814             : {
    2815      219710 :   long s = T->s, us = T->us;
    2816      219710 :   settime(U); return 1000 * (U->s - s) + rndus(U->us - us);
    2817             : }
    2818             : 
    2819             : /* return delay, set timer checkpoint */
    2820             : long
    2821      110755 : timer_delay(pari_timer *T) { return timer_aux(T, T, &timer_start); }
    2822             : /* return delay, don't set checkpoint */
    2823             : long
    2824        1918 : timer_get(pari_timer *T) {pari_timer t; return timer_aux(T, &t, &timer_start);}
    2825             : 
    2826             : static void
    2827           0 : timer_vprintf(pari_timer *T, const char *format, va_list args)
    2828             : {
    2829           0 :   out_puts(pariErr, "Time ");
    2830           0 :   out_vprintf(pariErr, format,args);
    2831           0 :   out_printf(pariErr, ": %ld\n", timer_delay(T));
    2832           0 :   pariErr->flush();
    2833           0 : }
    2834             : void
    2835           0 : timer_printf(pari_timer *T, const char *format, ...)
    2836             : {
    2837           0 :   va_list args; va_start(args, format);
    2838           0 :   timer_vprintf(T, format, args);
    2839           0 :   va_end(args);
    2840           0 : }
    2841             : 
    2842             : long
    2843           0 : timer(void)  { static THREAD pari_timer T; return timer_delay(&T);}
    2844             : long
    2845        3718 : gettime(void)  { static THREAD pari_timer T; return timer_delay(&T);}
    2846             : 
    2847             : static THREAD pari_timer timer2_T, abstimer_T;
    2848             : long
    2849           0 : timer2(void) {  return timer_delay(&timer2_T);}
    2850             : void
    2851           0 : msgtimer(const char *format, ...)
    2852             : {
    2853           0 :   va_list args; va_start(args, format);
    2854           0 :   timer_vprintf(&timer2_T, format, args);
    2855           0 :   va_end(args);
    2856           0 : }
    2857             : long
    2858        1912 : getabstime(void)  { return timer_get(&abstimer_T);}
    2859             : 
    2860             : void
    2861      251221 : walltimer_start(pari_timer *ti)
    2862             : {
    2863             : #if defined(USE_CLOCK_GETTIME)
    2864             :   struct timespec t;
    2865             :   if (!clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME,&t))
    2866             :   { ti->s = t.tv_sec; ti->us = rndus(t.tv_nsec); return; }
    2867             : #elif defined(USE_GETTIMEOFDAY)
    2868             :   struct timeval tv;
    2869      251221 :   if (!gettimeofday(&tv, NULL))
    2870      251221 :   {  ti->s = tv.tv_sec; ti->us = tv.tv_usec; return; }
    2871             : #elif defined(USE_FTIMEFORWALLTIME)
    2872             :   struct timeb tp;
    2873             :   if (!ftime(&tp))
    2874             :   { ti->s = tp.time; ti->us = tp.millitm*1000; return; }
    2875             : #endif
    2876           0 :   timer_start(ti);
    2877             : }
    2878             : /* return delay, set timer checkpoint */
    2879             : long
    2880      107037 : walltimer_delay(pari_timer *T) { return timer_aux(T, T, &walltimer_start); }
    2881             : /* return delay, don't set checkpoint */
    2882             : long
    2883           0 : walltimer_get(pari_timer *T)
    2884             : {
    2885             :   pari_timer t;
    2886           0 :   return timer_aux(T, &t, &walltimer_start);
    2887             : }
    2888             : 
    2889             : static GEN
    2890           8 : timetoi(ulong s, ulong m)
    2891             : {
    2892           8 :   pari_sp av = avma;
    2893           8 :   return gc_INT(av, addiu(muluu(s, 1000), m));
    2894             : }
    2895             : GEN
    2896           8 : getwalltime(void)
    2897             : {
    2898             :   pari_timer ti;
    2899           8 :   walltimer_start(&ti);
    2900           8 :   return timetoi(ti.s, rndus(ti.us));
    2901             : }
    2902             : 
    2903             : /*******************************************************************/
    2904             : /*                                                                 */
    2905             : /*                   FUNCTIONS KNOWN TO THE ANALYZER               */
    2906             : /*                                                                 */
    2907             : /*******************************************************************/
    2908             : 
    2909             : GEN
    2910         127 : setdebug(const char *s, long n)
    2911             : {
    2912         127 :   long i, l = numberof(pari_DEBUGLEVEL_str);
    2913             :   GEN V, V1, V2;
    2914         127 :   if (s)
    2915             :   {
    2916         120 :     if (n > 20)
    2917           0 :       pari_err_DOMAIN("setdebug", "n", ">", utoipos(20), stoi(n));
    2918        2276 :     for (i = 0; i < l; i++)
    2919        2248 :       if (!strcmp(s, pari_DEBUGLEVEL_str[i])) break;
    2920         120 :     if (i == l)
    2921          28 :       pari_err_DOMAIN("setdebug", s, "not a valid",
    2922             :                       strtoGENstr("debug domain"), strtoGENstr(s));
    2923          92 :     if (n >= 0) { *pari_DEBUGLEVEL_ptr[i] = n; return gnil; }
    2924          42 :     return stoi(*pari_DEBUGLEVEL_ptr[i]);
    2925             :   }
    2926           7 :   V = cgetg(3,t_MAT);
    2927           7 :   V1 = gel(V,1) = cgetg(l+1, t_COL);
    2928           7 :   V2 = gel(V,2) = cgetg(l+1, t_COL);
    2929         427 :   for (i = 0; i < l; i++)
    2930             :   {
    2931         420 :     gel(V1, i+1) = strtoGENstr(pari_DEBUGLEVEL_str[i]);
    2932         420 :     gel(V2, i+1) = stoi(*pari_DEBUGLEVEL_ptr[i]);
    2933             :   }
    2934           7 :   return V;
    2935             : }
    2936             : 
    2937             : GEN
    2938           7 : pari_version(void)
    2939             : {
    2940           7 :   const ulong mask = (1UL<<PARI_VERSION_SHIFT) - 1;
    2941           7 :   ulong major, minor, patch, n = paricfg_version_code;
    2942           7 :   patch = n & mask; n >>= PARI_VERSION_SHIFT;
    2943           7 :   minor = n & mask; n >>= PARI_VERSION_SHIFT;
    2944           7 :   major = n;
    2945           7 :   if (*paricfg_vcsversion) {
    2946           7 :     const char *ver = paricfg_vcsversion;
    2947           7 :     const char *s = strchr(ver, '-');
    2948             :     char t[8];
    2949           7 :     const long len = s-ver;
    2950             :     GEN v;
    2951           7 :     if (!s || len > 6) pari_err_BUG("pari_version()"); /* paranoia */
    2952           7 :     memcpy(t, ver, len); t[len] = 0;
    2953           7 :     v = cgetg(6, t_VEC);
    2954           7 :     gel(v,1) = utoi(major);
    2955           7 :     gel(v,2) = utoi(minor);
    2956           7 :     gel(v,3) = utoi(patch);
    2957           7 :     gel(v,4) = stoi( atoi(t) );
    2958           7 :     gel(v,5) = strtoGENstr(s+1);
    2959           7 :     return v;
    2960             :   } else {
    2961           0 :     GEN v = cgetg(4, t_VEC);
    2962           0 :     gel(v,1) = utoi(major);
    2963           0 :     gel(v,2) = utoi(minor);
    2964           0 :     gel(v,3) = utoi(patch);
    2965           0 :     return v;
    2966             :   }
    2967             : }
    2968             : 
    2969             : /* List of GP functions: generated from the description system.
    2970             :  * Format (struct entree) :
    2971             :  *   char *name   : name (under GP).
    2972             :  *   ulong valence: (EpNEW, EpALIAS,EpVAR, EpINSTALL)|EpSTATIC
    2973             :  *   void *value  : For PREDEFINED FUNCTIONS: C function to call.
    2974             :  *                  For USER FUNCTIONS: pointer to defining data (block) =
    2975             :  *                   entree*: NULL, list of entree (arguments), NULL
    2976             :  *                   char*  : function text
    2977             :  *   long menu    : which help section do we belong to
    2978             :  *                   1: Standard monadic or dyadic OPERATORS
    2979             :  *                   2: CONVERSIONS and similar elementary functions
    2980             :  *                   3: functions related to COMBINATORICS
    2981             :  *                   4: TRANSCENDENTAL functions, etc.
    2982             :  *   char *code   : GP prototype, aka Parser Code (see libpari's manual)
    2983             :  *                  if NULL, use valence instead.
    2984             :  *   char *help   : short help text (init to NULL).
    2985             :  *   void *pvalue : push_val history.
    2986             :  *   long arity   : maximum number of arguments.
    2987             :  *   entree *next : next entree (init to NULL, used in hashing code). */
    2988             : #include "init.h"
    2989             : #include "default.h"

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